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In the pursuit of technological advancement in the field of
biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to counteract health
issues, bacterial infections remain a major cause of morbidity and
mortality. The ability of bacterial pathogens to form biofilms
further agglomerates the situation by showing resistance to
conventional antibiotics. To overcome this serious issue, bioactive
metabolites and other natural products were exploited to combat
bacterial infections and biofilm-related health consequences.
Natural products exhibited promising results in vitro, however;
their efficacy in in vivo conditions remain obscured due to their
low-solubility, bioavailability, and biocompatibility issues. In
this scenario, nanotechnological interventions provide a
multifaceted platform for targeted delivery of bioactive compounds
by slow and sustained release of drug-like compounds. The unique
physico-chemical properties, biocompatibility and eco-friendly
nature of bioinspired nanostructures has revolutionized the field
of biology to eradicate microbial infections and biofilm-related
complications. The green-nanotechnology based metal and metal oxide
nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles have been regularly
employed for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications without
causing damage to host tissues. The implications of these
nanoparticles toward achieving sustainability in agriculture by
providing systemic resistance against a variety of phytopathogens
therefore plays crucial role in growth and crop productivity. Also
the advent of smart and hybrid nanomaterials such as metal-based
polymer nanocomposites, lipid-based nanomaterials and liposomes
have the inherent potential to eradicate bacterial biofilm-related
infections in an efficient manner. The recent development of
carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and
silica based nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles
(MSNs) also exploit a target of dreadful healthcare conditions such
as cancer, immunomodulatory diseases, and microbial infections, as
well as biofilm-related issues owing to their stability profile,
biocompatibility, and unique physio-chemical properties. Recently
novel physical approaches such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and
antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) also revolutionized
conventional strategies and are engaged in eradicating microbial
biofilm-related infections and related health consequences. These
promising advancements in the development of novel strategies to
treat microbial infections and biofilm-related multidrug resistance
(MDR) phenomenon may provide new avenues and aid to conventional
antimicrobial therapeutics.
In the pursuit of technological advancement in the field of
biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries to counteract health
issues, bacterial infections remain a major cause of morbidity and
mortality. The ability of bacterial pathogens to form biofilms
further agglomerates the situation by showing resistance to
conventional antibiotics. To overcome this serious issue, bioactive
metabolites and other natural products were exploited to combat
bacterial infections and biofilm-related health consequences.
Natural products exhibited promising results in vitro, however;
their efficacy in in vivo conditions remain obscured due to their
low-solubility, bioavailability, and biocompatibility issues. In
this scenario, nanotechnological interventions provide a
multifaceted platform for targeted delivery of bioactive compounds
by slow and sustained release of drug-like compounds. The unique
physico-chemical properties, biocompatibility and eco-friendly
nature of bioinspired nanostructures has revolutionized the field
of biology to eradicate microbial infections and biofilm-related
complications. The green-nanotechnology based metal and metal oxide
nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles have been regularly
employed for antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications without
causing damage to host tissues. The implications of these
nanoparticles toward achieving sustainability in agriculture by
providing systemic resistance against a variety of phytopathogens
therefore plays crucial role in growth and crop productivity. Also
the advent of smart and hybrid nanomaterials such as metal-based
polymer nanocomposites, lipid-based nanomaterials and liposomes
have the inherent potential to eradicate bacterial biofilm-related
infections in an efficient manner. The recent development of
carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and
silica based nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica nanoparticles
(MSNs) also exploit a target of dreadful healthcare conditions such
as cancer, immunomodulatory diseases, and microbial infections, as
well as biofilm-related issues owing to their stability profile,
biocompatibility, and unique physio-chemical properties. Recently
novel physical approaches such as photothermal therapy (PTT) and
antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) also revolutionized
conventional strategies and are engaged in eradicating microbial
biofilm-related infections and related health consequences. These
promising advancements in the development of novel strategies to
treat microbial infections and biofilm-related multidrug resistance
(MDR) phenomenon may provide new avenues and aid to conventional
antimicrobial therapeutics.
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