Efficient input management along with varietal improvement is the two basic aspects that can help us in achieving the target. To fully exploit the potential of wheat yield the development of special management practices like sowing method, management of water, nutrient and weed etc are prime need which ensure for higher yield. The new resource conservation technology FIRBS (furrow irrigated raised bed planting system) can reduce the water usage by 25-40% and saved 25% of seed and nitrogen without any yield reduction compared to conventional tillage. Wheat productivity can be increased by providing copious water at the right time according to availability of irrigation water. Various essential nutrients play pivotal role in maintaining the quality of grains. Nitrogen being the constituent of all amino acids and protein fractions has great influence on growth and yield-attributing characters of wheat in relation to its major uses in bread making. Thus, the judicious use of available irrigation water and application of suitable dose of fertilizer in respect to available soil moisture plays important role in minimizing the present large gap between yield achieved and yield achievable.

Change in method of crop establishment from traditional transplanting of seedlings to direct seeding has occurred in many rice growing countries in response to increasing production cost, especially for labour and water. It also aids in quick rice establishment, early harvest and thus early sowing of wheat. Sowing of pre-germinated rice seeds under puddled condition either manually or drum seeding method reduces the demand of water for puddling and minimized the emergence of weed flora by placing the seed, stems and stolens of weeds into sub-surface. Direct seeded rice is subjected to greater weed competition because both weed and crop seeds emerge at the same time and compete with each other from the germination as a result less grain yield. Uncontrolled weeds reduce the yield by 96 % in dry seeded rice and 61% in wet seeded rice. Control of weeds is important to reduce the weed competition as well as to maximize the efficient utilization of resources. Herbicides are considered to be an economical alternative to manage weeds against age-old practice of hand weeding, which is costlier and also becomes impracticable.

Pressure on the land resources will increase significantly in the next few decades while the land available for food supply will continue to decline in per-capita terms. The food, fodder and fuel production in developing countries will have to be increased by 60% in the next 25 years to meet the needs of growing population. Thus, efforts be made to increase productivity of agricultural land by advocating agroforestry as one of the most practical way of meeting the needs. Agroforestry systems are often claimed to be superior to agricultural systems because of their ability to contribute to sustained production of crops and also play a promising role for environmental consideration. Fruit tree based agroforestry involves intentional and simultaneous association of annual or perennial crops with perennial fruit-producing trees on the same land unit. The relatively short juvenile (pre-production) phase of fruit trees, high market value of products and the contribution of fruits to household dietary needs, fruit-tree-based agroforestry enjoys high popularity among producers worldwide.