This book presents a vivid argument for the almost lost idea of a unity of all natural sciences. It starts with the "strange" physics of matter, including particle physics, atomic physics and quantum mechanics, cosmology, relativity and their consequences (Chapter I), and it continues by describing the properties of material systems that are best understood by statistical and phase-space concepts (Chapter II). These lead to entropy and to the classical picture of quantitative information, initially devoid of value and meaning (Chapter III). Finally, "information space" and dynamics within it are introduced as a basis for semantics (Chapter IV), leading to an exploration of life and thought as new problems in physics (Chapter V).
Dynamic equations - again of a strange (but very general) nature - bring about the complex familiarity of the world we live in. Surprising new results in the life sciences open our eyes to the richness of physical thought, and they show us what can and what cannot be explained by a Darwinian approach. The abstract physical approach is applicable to the origins of life, of meaningful information and even of our universe.

This book presents a vivid argument for the almost lost idea of a unity of all natural sciences. It starts with the "strange" physics of matter, including particle physics, atomic physics and quantum mechanics, cosmology, relativity and their consequences (Chapter I), and it continues by describing the properties of material systems that are best understood by statistical and phase-space concepts (Chapter II). These lead to entropy and to the classical picture of quantitative information, initially devoid of value and meaning (Chapter III). Finally, "information space" and dynamics within it are introduced as a basis for semantics (Chapter IV), leading to an exploration of life and thought as new problems in physics (Chapter V). Dynamic equations - again of a strange (but very general) nature - bring about the complex familiarity of the world we live in. Surprising new results in the life sciences open our eyes to the richness of physical thought, and they show us what can and what cannot be explained by a Darwinian approach. The abstract physical approach is applicable to the origins of life, of meaningful information and even of our universe.

AnHifilich der 600-Jahrfeier der Ruperto-Carola-Univer sitat Heidelberg und parallel zu den tiber das ganze Jahr verteilten vieWiltigen Aktivitaten, Symposien und Festvor tragen der Universitat entschied der Gemeinderat der Stadt Heidelberg, sich nicht nur mit der "Stadt-Heidelberg-Stif tung" und deren Stiftungskapital von 2 Mio. DM, sondern auch mit einer Vortagsreihe an dem Jubilaumsjahr zu beteili gen. Schien es doch legitim, daB die Stadt, die seit sechs Jahrhunderten mit der Universitat lebt, tiber ihre traditions reichste Einrichtung nachdenken wollte. Als Titel der Vortragsreihe bot sich jener Titel an, den Karl Jaspers 1946 seiner Schrift tiber die Heidelberger Uni versitat gegeben hatte: Die Idee der Universitat. 1m Wintersemester 1985/86 und Sommersemester 1986 hielten sechs hervorragende Vertreter interdisziplinarer For schung und Lehre Vortrage, die in diesem Band zusammen gefaBt sind. 1m Wintersemester versuchten die Beitrage des Heidel berger Philosophen und Jaspers-Nachfolgers Prof. Gada mer, des Hamburger Wissenschaftssenators Prof. Meyer Abich und des Vizeprasidenten des Wissenschaftskollegs, Prof. Lepenies, den Standort der Universitat in der Ge schichte, der politis chen Gegenwart der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und im internationalen Vergleich zu bestim men. VI Vorwort 1m Sommersemester konzentrierten sich die Beitrage des Nobelpreistragers Prof. Eigen, Max-Planck-Institut Got tingen, Prof. Lubbe, Zurich und Prof. Habermas, Frank furt, auf die innere Entwicklung der Universitat und die Reformbestrebungen der letzten Jahrzehnte. In seiner Schrift "Die Idee der Universitat" bestimmt Karl Jaspers: "Die Aufgabe der Universitat ist die Wissen schaft. Aber Forschung und Lehre der Wissenschaft dienen der Bildung geistigen Lebens als Offenbarwerden der Wahr heit" ."

Using game theory and examples of actual games people play, Nobel laureate Manfred Eigen and Ruthild Winkler show how the elements of chance and rules underlie all that happens in the universe, from genetic behavior through economic growth to the composition of music.

To illustrate their argument, the authors turn to classic games--backgammon, bridge, and chess--and relate them to physical, biological, and social applications of probability theory and number theory. Further, they have invented, and present here, more than a dozen playable games derived from scientific models for equilibrium, selection, growth, and even the composition of RNA.