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What kind of political representation existed in the Ancien Regime?
Which social sectors were given a voice, and how were they
represented in the institutions? These are some of the issues
addressed by the authors of this book from different institutional
angles (monarchies and republics; parliaments and municipalities),
from various European territories and finally from a connected and
comparative perspective. The aim is twofold: analyse the different
mechanisms of political representation before Liberalism, their
strengths and limitations; value the processes of oligarchisation
and the possible mismatch between a libertarian model and a reality
which was far from its idealised image.
Italian businessmen played a key role in both international trade
and finance from the Middle Ages until the first decades of the
seventeenth century. While the peak of their influence within and
beyond Europe has been thoroughly examined by historians, the way
in which merchants from the Italian peninsula reacted and adapted
themselves to the emergence of greater commercial and financial
powers is mostly overlooked. This collection, based on a vast
variety of primary sources, seeks to explore the persisting
presence of Florentine, Genoese and Milanese intermediaries in some
key hubs of the Spanish monarchy (such as Seville, Cadiz, Madrid
and Naples) as well as in eighteenth-century Lisbon. The resilience
of powerless merchant nations from the Italian Peninsula in the
face of increasing competition in long distance trade is
deconstructed by analyzing the merchants' relational dimension and
the formal institutional resources they found in the host
societies. By offering new insights into the mechanisms of
circulation of men, goods and capital throughout the Iberian world,
this book will contribute to better assess the polycentric nature
of the Spanish monarchy and, more in general, the complex system of
commercial exchanges in the age of the first globalization. This
book was originally published as a special issue of the European
Review of History/Revue europeenne d'histoire.
Italian businessmen played a key role in both international trade
and finance from the Middle Ages until the first decades of the
seventeenth century. While the peak of their influence within and
beyond Europe has been thoroughly examined by historians, the way
in which merchants from the Italian peninsula reacted and adapted
themselves to the emergence of greater commercial and financial
powers is mostly overlooked. This collection, based on a vast
variety of primary sources, seeks to explore the persisting
presence of Florentine, Genoese and Milanese intermediaries in some
key hubs of the Spanish monarchy (such as Seville, Cadiz, Madrid
and Naples) as well as in eighteenth-century Lisbon. The resilience
of powerless merchant nations from the Italian Peninsula in the
face of increasing competition in long distance trade is
deconstructed by analyzing the merchants' relational dimension and
the formal institutional resources they found in the host
societies. By offering new insights into the mechanisms of
circulation of men, goods and capital throughout the Iberian world,
this book will contribute to better assess the polycentric nature
of the Spanish monarchy and, more in general, the complex system of
commercial exchanges in the age of the first globalization. This
book was originally published as a special issue of the European
Review of History/Revue europeenne d'histoire.
What kind of political representation existed in the Ancien Regime?
Which social sectors were given a voice, and how were they
represented in the institutions? These are some of the issues
addressed by the authors of this book from different institutional
angles (monarchies and republics; parliaments and municipalities),
from various European territories and finally from a connected and
comparative perspective. The aim is twofold: analyse the different
mechanisms of political representation before Liberalism, their
strengths and limitations; value the processes of oligarchisation
and the possible mismatch between a libertarian model and a reality
which was far from its idealised image.
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