In 2010, Polish and Dutch scholars came together for a two-day study conference at the Catholic University of Lublin. The aim of this conference was an exchange of theological insights and views on the future of theology, church, and society in both countries. The differences turned out to be large - differences, which stem from historical roots, but also from recent social and cultural developments. The Polish hosts saw the unity within the Catholic Church as the most important issue for the future. The Dutch delegation, on the other hand, stressed that the future role of the churches lies in learning to accept and handle religious and cultural diversity. The articles in this volume were the starting point for exciting discussions - a challenging encounter by casting a glance in the mirror. (Series: Kultur und Religion in Europa - Vol. 9)