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There has been recently some interdisciplinary convergence on a
number of precise topics which can be considered as prototypes of
complex systems. This convergence is best appreciated at the level
of the techniques needed to deal with these systems, which include:
1) A domain of research around a multiple point where statistical
physics, information theory, algorithmic computer science, and more
theoretical (probabilistic) computer science meet: this covers some
aspects of error correcting codes, stochastic optimization
algorithms, typical case complexity and phase transitions,
constraint satisfaction problems.
2) The study of collective behavior of interacting agents, its
impact on understanding some types of economical and financial
problems, their link to population and epidemics dynamics, game
theory, social, biological and computer networks and evolution.
The present book is the written version of the lectures given
during the Les Houches summer school session on "Complex Systems,"
devoted to these emerging interdisciplinary fields. The lectures
consist both in a number of long methodological courses
(probability theory, statistical physics of disordered systems,
information theory, network structure and evolution, agent-based
economics and numerical methods) and more specific, 'problem
oriented' courses. Lecturers are all leading experts in their
field; they have summarized recent results in a clear and
authoritative manner. The "Les Houches lecture notes" have a long
tradition of excellence and are often found to be useful for a
number of years after they were written.
The book is of interest to students and researchers with various
backgrounds: probability theory, computer science, information
theory, physics, finance, biology, etc.
.Topical and comprehensive survey of the emerging,
interdisciplinary field of "Complex Systems," covered by recognized
world experts
."Les Houches lectures notes": a long tradition of excellence and
long-lasting impact
.Of interest to a broad audience (mathematics, physics, biology,
informatics, finance, geology, etc.)
.Some applications may have concrete impact
.Selected topics in complex systems: forefront of research in the
field"
This book presents a unified approach to a rich and rapidly
evolving research domain at the interface between statistical
physics, theoretical computer science/discrete mathematics, and
coding/information theory. It is accessible to graduate students
and researchers without a specific training in any of these fields.
The selected topics include spin glasses, error correcting codes,
satisfiability, and are central to each field. The approach focuses
on large random instances and adopts a common probabilistic
formulation in terms of graphical models. It presents message
passing algorithms like belief propagation and survey propagation,
and their use in decoding and constraint satisfaction solving. It
also explains analysis techniques like density evolution and the
cavity method, and uses them to study phase transitions.
This book contains a detailed and self-contained presentation of
the replica theory of infinite range spin glasses. The authors also
explain recent theoretical developments, paying particular
attention to new applications in the study of optimization theory
and neural networks. About two-thirds of the book are a collection
of the most interesting and pedagogical articles on the subject.
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