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This new book shows the work done by researchers dedicated to the
study of different mycorrhizas types, the fungal species associated
and their distribution influenced by geographical and environmental
factors among the different South American biogeographic regions.
The exclusive biotic and abiotic characteristics delimit natural
ecosystems with uniques biological communities, where
mycorrhizologists have investigated plant symbioses in those
ecosystems for decades, providing data from Venezuelan Great
Savannah, Andes, Puna, Chaco, Caatinga, Monte, Atlantic Forest,
Marginal Forest, Cerrado, Patagonia, Yungas, Rainforest,
Andean-Patagonian Forests, and Antarctic section. In these
environments, different mycorrhizal associations (arbuscular /
ericoid / orchidoid / ectomycorrhizal / mycoheterotrophic) are
present in herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. Mycorrhizal
associations were studied from different researching points of view
(biodiversity, biological invasions, biotic / abiotic disturbances,
altitudinal variations, seasonal changes, land uses). The aim of
this Book is to compile research on mycorrhizal fungi and their
associations in environments of South America, throughout the
synthesis of information from natural and anthropogenic related
environments. The book focuses in different bioregions of South
America from tropical areas to the southern cone, and it will be
useful to those who work on plant-fungal interactions in different
vegetation types and in agricultural lands from South America and
worldwide.
Recent Advances on Mycorrhizal Fungi integrates work done by
pre-eminent scientists, academics, and researchers dedicated to the
study of mycorrhizas in laboratories around the world. The main aim
of this book is to compile the information related to mycorrhizas
advancement and their applications. First, an overview of the
recent advances in mycorrhizal fungi is fully examined. Then,
researchers from different countries address issues related to
semiarid, xeric, and agro-ecosystems. A greater understanding of
the ecology of this type of fungi will underpin efforts to provide
new strategies for agriculture production systems and environmental
solutions. Finally, relevant topics such as plant stress and
ecological succession with regard to mycorrhizal symbioses are
discussed. This book will be useful to those who work with
mycorrhizas and important for academic and research teams, as well
as to teachers, students, professionals and farmers. This
information will be a key foundation to decision-makers worldwide
and also for conservationists and ecologists.
In order to feed the world, global agriculture will have to double
food production by 2050. As a result, the use of soils with
fertilizers and pesticides in agronomic ecosystems will increase,
taking into account the sustainability of these systems and also
the provision of food security. Thus, soil ecosystems, their
health, and their quality are directly involved in sustainable
agronomical practices, and it is important to recognize the
important role of soil microbial communities such as mycorrhizal
fungi, their biodiversity, interactions, and functioning. Soil
ecosystems are under the threat of biodiversity loss due to an
increase of cultivated areas and agronomic exploitation intensity.
Also, changes in land use alter the structure and function of
ecosystems where biodiversity is vital in the ecosystem. Soils are
a major aid in food production in all terrestrial ecosystems;
however, this means they are also involved in gas emission and
global warming. Thus, in agronomic ecosystems, several mitigation
practices have been proposed to promote the increase of carbon soil
stock, and the reduction of warming gas emission from soils. In
South America, most of the rural population depends economically on
agriculture and usually works in family units. New, organic, safe,
and sustainable agro-forestry practices must be applied to support
local communities and countries to achieve hunger eradication,
rural poverty reduction, and sustainable development. This book
compiles new information for mycorrhizal occurrence in natural and
anthropic environments in South America. It includes new reports of
mycorrhizal fungi diversity along different mycorrhizal types and
their effect on plant communities, plant invasions, the use of
mycorrhizal fungi for ecological and sustainable studies,
management programs of natural and agroecosystems, and forestry and
food-secure production. This book fills the gaps in biodiversity
knowledge, management and safe food production of mycorrhizas. It
should be a valuable help to researchers, professors and students,
to aid in use of mycorrhizal fungi while also focusing on their
biodiversity, sustainable safe food production, and conservation
perspectives.
This new book shows the work done by researchers dedicated to the
study of different mycorrhizas types, the fungal species associated
and their distribution influenced by geographical and environmental
factors among the different South American biogeographic regions.
The exclusive biotic and abiotic characteristics delimit natural
ecosystems with uniques biological communities, where
mycorrhizologists have investigated plant symbioses in those
ecosystems for decades, providing data from Venezuelan Great
Savannah, Andes, Puna, Chaco, Caatinga, Monte, Atlantic Forest,
Marginal Forest, Cerrado, Patagonia, Yungas, Rainforest,
Andean-Patagonian Forests, and Antarctic section. In these
environments, different mycorrhizal associations (arbuscular /
ericoid / orchidoid / ectomycorrhizal / mycoheterotrophic) are
present in herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. Mycorrhizal
associations were studied from different researching points of view
(biodiversity, biological invasions, biotic / abiotic disturbances,
altitudinal variations, seasonal changes, land uses). The aim of
this Book is to compile research on mycorrhizal fungi and their
associations in environments of South America, throughout the
synthesis of information from natural and anthropogenic related
environments. The book focuses in different bioregions of South
America from tropical areas to the southern cone, and it will be
useful to those who work on plant-fungal interactions in different
vegetation types and in agricultural lands from South America and
worldwide.
Recent Advances on Mycorrhizal Fungi integrates work done by
pre-eminent scientists, academics, and researchers dedicated to the
study of mycorrhizas in laboratories around the world. The main aim
of this book is to compile the information related to mycorrhizas
advancement and their applications. First, an overview of the
recent advances in mycorrhizal fungi is fully examined. Then,
researchers from different countries address issues related to
semiarid, xeric, and agro-ecosystems. A greater understanding of
the ecology of this type of fungi will underpin efforts to provide
new strategies for agriculture production systems and environmental
solutions. Finally, relevant topics such as plant stress and
ecological succession with regard to mycorrhizal symbioses are
discussed. This book will be useful to those who work with
mycorrhizas and important for academic and research teams, as well
as to teachers, students, professionals and farmers. This
information will be a key foundation to decision-makers worldwide
and also for conservationists and ecologists.
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