The International Symposium on Experimental Robotics (ISER) is a series of bi-annual meetings which are organized in a rotating fashion around North America, Europe and Asia/Oceania. The goal of ISER is to provide a forum for research in robotics that focuses on novelty of theoretical contributions validated by experimental results. The meetings are conceived to bring together, in a small group setting, researchers from around the world who are in the forefront of experimental robotics research.

This unique reference presents the latest advances across the various fields of robotics, with ideas that are not only conceived conceptually but also verified experimentally. It collects contributions on the current developments and new directions in the field of experimental robotics, which are based on the papers presented at the Ninth ISER held in Singapore.

The International Symposium on Experimental Robotics (ISER) is a series of bi-annual meetings which are organized in a rotating fashion around North America, Europe and Asia/Oceania. The goal of ISER is to provide a forum for research in robotics that focuses on novelty of theoretical contributions validated by experimental results. The meetings are conceived to bring together, in a small group setting, researchers from around the world who are in the forefront of experimental robotics research.

This unique reference presents the latest advances across the various fields of robotics, with ideas that are not only conceived conceptually but also verified experimentally. It collects contributions on the current developments and new directions in the field of experimental robotics, which are based on the papers presented at the Ninth ISER held in Singapore.

This book presents the latest advances and research achievements in the fields of autonomous robots and intelligent systems, presented at the IAS-16 conference, conducted virtually in Singapore, from 22 to 25 June 2021. IAS is a common platform for an exchange and sharing of ideas among the international scientific research and technical community on some of the main trends of robotics and autonomous systems: navigation, machine learning, computer vision, control, and robot design-as well as a wide range of applications. IAS-16 reflects the rise of machine learning and deep learning developments in the robotics field, as employed in a variety of applications and systems. All contributions were selected using a rigorous peer-reviewed process to ensure their scientific quality. Despite the challenge of organising a conference during a pandemic, the IAS biennial conference remains an essential venue for the robotics and autonomous systems community ever since its inception in 1986. Chapters 46 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com