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In 1937, Dornier obtained a patent for a plane with two engines in
the fuselage, driving the pull and push propellers. The design was
marked P.59, and its concepts were refined in 1939 in the P.59-05
variant, after which the design was put in a drawer. This type of
plane was not needed at the time. Nevertheless, limited
experimental work was carried out, the result of which was a small
Goppingen Go-9 plane, with an aerodynamic system obtained from
P.59, as well as three-support landing gear with a front wheel and
an engine driving a push propeller through a long shaft. The
results of these experiments were used when designing the P.231
aircraft in several variants - also combining piston and jet
propulsion. When in 1942 the RLM announced the requirements for a
high-speed multipurpose aircraft, the equivalent of the British
Mosquito, Dornier proposed the P.231 as a rather unusual answer.
Despite the risks posed by the different P.231 concept, Dornier was
commissioned to build several prototypes.
The Focke-Wulf Ta 154 Moskito was a fast twin-engined German night
fighter aircraft. The German Ta 154 night fighter which supposed to
be an answer to the British Mosquito.
In 1936 the D-513 fighter designed by Emil Dewoitine made its first
flight. It was supposed to be the successor of the slightly
outdated D-500 and D-510 models, and built according to modern
trends: with a closed cabin and a retractable undercarriage.
Unfortunately, the tests turned out to be very disappointing. At
the same time, as a result of the nationalization of the aviation
industry, Dewoitine's industries were absorbed by the SNCAM.
Dewoitine, however, did not give up on the project and, in
cooperation with his engineers, developed a new model - the D-520.
As the first functional jet engines became available, the RLM
published a requirement for a reconnaissance aircraft capable of
long-range patrols over Britain, all the way up to Scapa Flow. The
task to build the machine was given to Arado, who put Rudiger Kosin
in charge of the design team. The initial E370 project was
gradually tweaked and modified until it evolved into its final form
as a single-seat aircraft powered by two jet engines in underwing
pods, designated Ar 234. In order to maximize the aircraft's range,
Arado's design team embarked on a radical weight-shedding crusade.
Among the components eliminated from the design was the
conventional landing gear, which was replaced with a jettisonable
three-wheel trolley used for take-offs and retractable skids
mounted under the fuselage for landings. These design features were
incorporated into the first A series prototypes, powered by Junkers
Jumo 004A engines. The B-2 was a bomber version, with a maximum
bombload of 1,500 kg and the B-2/N a night fighter version. The C-3
was the multi-purpose version, armed with two 20 mm MG 151/20
cannons beneath the nose.
Although the German Me 163 Komet rocket fighter was created as a
remedy for the mass air raids of the Allied air force on Germany,
its origins date back to 1938. Alexander Lippisch then began work
at the DFS factory on a tailless rocket-propelled aircraft,
designated as DFS 194. At the beginnings of 1939 the project was
handed over to the Messerschmitt factory and there it developed
into the Me 163A. Two prototypes of this aircraft - V4 and V5 -
were completed in 1941 and flown as gliders. Then the V4 received a
Walter HWK R.II rocket engine with a thrust of 7.5 kN, and on
October 2, 1941 H. Dittmar achieved a speed of 1003 km/h on
mentioned plane. Thirteen Me 163As were built for training.
This book is the latest in a new reference series for aircraft
modellers called "Spotlight On" and is a showcase for the superb
aviation artwork created for the publisher by the remarkable Polish
aviation artist Marek Rys. The book contains 20
specially-commissioned colour plates showing 20 famous aircraft
depicted in the air and on the ground. Marek Rys has illustrated
either to contents or the covers of dozens of previous books for
Mushroom Model Publications; this is the first to showcase his work
exclusively.
Horten Ho 229 is the first ever "flying wing" jet. The machine was
built at the very end of World War II in the German Gotha factory.
Today, the best-known structure of this type is the American
strategic bomber Northrop B-2 Spirit, but the two planes are
separated by a difference of 44 years of technological development.
It was a very unusual structure, not only due to the shape of the
airframe, but also the materials it was made of - it was largely
plywood and wood, not only duralumin and steel. The plane was
powered by two Junkers Jumo 004B jet engines. The Horten Ho 229 was
flown in January 1945. It was armed with two powerful 30mm MK 108
cannons, and the performance exceeded all Allied planes at that
time. Nevertheless, the Ho 229 was planned to be used as a bomber.
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