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Genealogies of Citizenship is a remarkable rethinking of human
rights and social justice. As global governance is increasingly
driven by market fundamentalism, growing numbers of citizens have
become socially excluded and internally stateless. Against this
movement to organize society exclusively by market principles,
Margaret Somers argues that socially inclusive democratic rights
must be counter-balanced by the powers of a social state, a robust
public sphere and a relationally-sturdy civil society. Through
epistemologies of history and naturalism, contested narratives of
social capital, and Hurricane Katrina's racial apartheid, she warns
that the growing authority of the market is distorting the
non-contractualism of citizenship; rights, inclusion and moral
worth are increasingly dependent on contractual market value. In
this pathbreaking work, Somers advances an innovative view of
rights as public goods rooted in an alliance of public power,
political membership, and social practices of equal moral
recognition - the right to have rights.
What is it about free-market ideas that give them tenacious staying
power in the face of such manifest failures as persistent
unemployment, widening inequality, and the severe financial crises
that have stressed Western economies over the past forty years?
Fred Block and Margaret Somers extend the work of the great
political economist Karl Polanyi to explain why these ideas have
revived from disrepute in the wake of the Great Depression and
World War II, to become the dominant economic ideology of our time.
Polanyi contends that the free market championed by market liberals
never actually existed. While markets are essential to enable
individual choice, they cannot be self-regulating because they
require ongoing state action. Furthermore, they cannot by
themselves provide such necessities of social existence as
education, health care, social and personal security, and the right
to earn a livelihood. When these public goods are subjected to
market principles, social life is threatened and major crises
ensue. Despite these theoretical flaws, market principles are
powerfully seductive because they promise to diminish the role of
politics in civic and social life. Because politics entails
coercion and unsatisfying compromises among groups with deep
conflicts, the wish to narrow its scope is understandable. But like
Marx's theory that communism will lead to a "withering away of the
State," the ideology that free markets can replace government is
just as utopian and dangerous.
Genealogies of Citizenship is a remarkable rethinking of human
rights and social justice. As global governance is increasingly
driven by market fundamentalism, growing numbers of citizens have
become socially excluded and internally stateless. Against this
movement to organize society exclusively by market principles,
Margaret Somers argues that socially inclusive democratic rights
must be counter-balanced by the powers of a social state, a robust
public sphere and a relationally-sturdy civil society. Through
epistemologies of history and naturalism, contested narratives of
social capital, and Hurricane Katrina's racial apartheid, she warns
that the growing authority of the market is distorting the
non-contractualism of citizenship; rights, inclusion and moral
worth are increasingly dependent on contractual market value. In
this pathbreaking work, Somers advances an innovative view of
rights as public goods rooted in an alliance of public power,
political membership, and social practices of equal moral
recognition - the right to have rights.
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