Papers from the session 'The Early Neolithic in the Iberian Peninsula Regional and transregional components' held at the XV UISPP World Congress, September 2006. Contents: 1) The Portalon at Cueva Mayor (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain): a new archaeological sequence (Ortega, A. I.; Juez, L.; Carretero, J. M.; Arsuaga, J. L.; Perez-Gonzalez, A.; Ortega, M. C.; Perez, R.; Perez, A.; Rodriguez, A. D.; Santos, E.; Garcia, R.; Gomez, A.; Rodriguez, L.; Martinez de Pinillos, M. & Martinez, I.); 2) Torca l'Arroyu: A new holocene site in the centre of Asturias (North of Spain) (Rogelio Estrada Garcia, Jesus F. Jorda Pardo, Joan S. Mestres Torres and Jose Yravedra Sainz de los Terreros); 3) From "Inland Neolithic" to "Neolithic dwelling in the inland": the role of homogeneous and heterogeneous elements on the explanation of earlier agricultural stages in Central Spain (Enrique Cerrillo Cuenca); 4) Neolithisation et structure sociale: donnees et discussion dans le nord-est de l'Espagne pour (Clop, Xavier; Gibaja, Juan Francisco); 5) El Valle de Ambrona (Soria, Espana): un referente cronologico para la primera ocupacion neolitica del interior peninsular (Manuel A. Rojo-Guerra, Rafael Garrido-Pena e Inigo Garcia-Martinez-de-Lagran); 6) Neolithisation process in lower Tagus valley left bank: old perspectives and new data (Cesar Neves, Filipa Rodrigues, Mariana Diniz); 7) Early Neolithic at the Serpis Valley, Alicante, Spain (J. Bernabeu Auban, LL. Molina Balaguer, T. Orozco Kohler, A. Diez Castillo, C.M. Barton); 8) Sources of monumentality: standing stones in context (Fontainhas, Alentejo Central, Portugal) (Manuel Calado, Leonor Rocha); Castelo Belinho (Algarve, Portugal) and the first Southwest Iberian Villages (Mario Varela Gomes).