Although most universities could be considered bureaucrat organizations, the accumulated knowledge reveals that universities try to adapt their core activities and technological innovation processes to face the current socio-economic challenges. This book explores the ways in which universities have re-built multiple capabilities to support the development of applied innovation and manage new technologies. Concretely, this book (1) theoretically addresses the university managers’ view for re-building university capabilities due to the public policy agendas demands; and (2) empirically addresses the documentation of experiences and strategies adopted by universities in different contexts to achieve public policy agendas. These universities strategies include re-build entrepreneurial, innovative, digital, and sustainable capabilities. This book encourages researchers, scholars, academics, students and policy makers to re-think how universities are expanding equal opportunities related to high-quality higher education, innovative/entrepreneurial graduate options, and contributing to sustainable societal advance and well-being through research and community engagement.

Evidence suggests that economies with technology transfer initiatives provide a better supply of high-quality jobs and tend to be characterized by entrepreneurs with higher innovation contributions. This book explores the effectiveness of technology transfer policies and legislation on entrepreneurial innovation in a non-US context. It analyses the theoretical, empirical and managerial implications behind the success of technology transfer polices and legislations in stimulating entrepreneurial innovation; analyses which other contextual condition (e.g., culture) are necessary for successful implementation; and explores the extent and level of replication of US policies (e.g., Bayh-Dole Act, Small Business Innovation Research [SBIR] program) in other national and regional systems. In addition, this book looks at the effect technology transfer policies have on the adoption of open innovation and open science.

Evidence suggests that economies with technology transfer initiatives provide a better supply of high-quality jobs and tend to be characterized by entrepreneurs with higher innovation contributions. This book explores the effectiveness of technology transfer policies and legislation on entrepreneurial innovation in a non-US context. It analyses the theoretical, empirical and managerial implications behind the success of technology transfer polices and legislations in stimulating entrepreneurial innovation; analyses which other contextual condition (e.g., culture) are necessary for successful implementation; and explores the extent and level of replication of US policies (e.g., Bayh-Dole Act, Small Business Innovation Research [SBIR] program) in other national and regional systems. In addition, this book looks at the effect technology transfer policies have on the adoption of open innovation and open science.

Organizational ambidexterity represents how organizations do two different things equally well, such as efficiency and flexibility, adaptability and alignment, integration and responsiveness, or exploration and exploitation. Several entrepreneurial organizations have been born or rejuvenated by implementing and developing an organizational ambidexterity capacity. Ambidexterity and Entrepreneurship Studies: A Literature Review and Research Agenda reviews organizational ambidexterity in entrepreneurship studies. The author examines the past 15 years of published research by focusing on the contribution of organizational ambidexterity to the fields of management studies and entrepreneurship studies and provide research directions in organizational ambidexterity. Based on this review and analysis, the author shows the underrepresentation of entrepreneurship in the published ambidexterity literature until the last decade. Motivated by this insight, the discussion examines how the concept of ambidexterity is a potential ingredient in the entrepreneurial decision-making process of individuals, teams, organizations, and eco-systems agents. New research lines are encouraged that refresh the analysis of ambidexterity in the entrepreneurship field and re-think its contribution to the reconciliation process between management, innovation, and entrepreneurship fields. Finally, there are several implications for managers, entrepreneurial organizations, and entrepreneurs that emerge from this study.

Universities are a relevant instrument in the facilitation of the contemporary knowledge-based economy because they support the generation and the exploitation of knowledge through education, research and entrepreneurial activities. As a consequence, they generate added value, with their knowledge transformed into social and economic development. Also, changes attributed to social and economic developments have generated different impacts on universities. For these reasons, governments around the world are attempting to make universities more entrepreneurial, above all, in order to increase their capabilities to generate entrepreneurs and transmit their innovations to society. This book examines entrepreneurial universities in Spain as a clear example of government interest in improving the entrepreneurial spirit at all educational levels.