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The book discusses the importance of eggplant (Solanum melongena
L.) as a crop, highlighting the potential for eggplant to serve as
a model for understanding several evolutionary and taxonomic
questions. It also explores the genomic make-up, in particular in
comparison to other Solanaceous crops, and examines the parallels
between eggplant and tomato domestication as well as between the
most common eggplant species and two related eggplants native to
Africa (Ethiopian eggplant [Solanum aethiopicum L.] and African
eggplant [Solanum macrocarpon L.]). The eggplant genome was first
sequenced in 2014, and an improved version was due to be released
in 2017. Further investigations have revealed the relationships
between wild species, domesticated eggplant, and feral weedy
eggplant (derived from the domesticate), as well as targets of
selection during domestication. Parallels between eggplant and
tomato domestication loci are well known and the molecular basis is
currently being investigated. Eggplant is a source of nutrition for
millions of people worldwide, especially in Southeast Asia where it
is a staple food source. Domesticated in the old world, in contrast
to its congeners tomato and potato, the eggplant is morphologically
and nutritionally diverse. The spread of wild eggplants from Africa
is particularly interesting from a cultural point of view. This
book brings together diverse fields of research, from
bioinformatics to taxonomy to nutrition to allow readers to fully
understand eggplant's importance and potential.
This book highlights the uses for underutilized crops, presenting
the state-of-the-art in terms of genome sequencing for over 30
crops, previously understudied and under-researched. In a changing
climate and with significant pressure on the land, it is the ideal
time to be discussing novel crops, with significant biotic and
abiotic tolerances and/or rich nutrient profiles for consumers.
Previously, the only species with sequenced genomes were
high-profile internationally recognized crops, but in the current
era genomes are being sequenced for dozens of crops, including
those previously classified as underutilized, now being
investigated. This book covers food crops, from fruits to tubers,
and from grasses to legumes, as well as crops with non-food
applications. Some of these crops have draft genomes, and others
have polished genomes with extensive resequencing panels. Each
chapter tells the story of an individual crop or crop group,
written by experts, focusing on the genome data available,
revealing more about crop domestication and genetic variation, and
the current and future prospects given that this data is now
becoming available. It also highlights how even small sequencing
projects can provide draft genome sequences suitable for gene
discovery, comparative genomics, and identification of molecular
markers for understanding these crops further.
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