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Study of the Norman World's borders, frontiers, and boundaries in
Europe, shedding fresh light on their nature and extent. The
Normans exerted great influence across Christendom and beyond in
the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Figures like William the
Conqueror and Robert Guiscard subdued vast territories, their feats
recorded for posterity by chroniclers such as Orderic Vitalis and
Geoffrey Malaterra. Through travel and conquest, the Normans
encountered, created, and conceptualised many borders, with the
areas of Europe that they ruled and most affected often being
grouped together as the "Norman World". This volume examines the
nature, forms, and function of borders in and around this "Norman
World", looking at Normandy, the British-Irish Isles, and Southern
Italy. Three sections frame the collection. The first concerns
physical features, from broad frontier expanses, to rivers and
walls that were both literally and metaphorically lines of
division. The second shows how borders were established, contested,
and negotiated between the papacy and lay rulers and senior
churchmen. Finally, the third highlights the utility of conceptual
frontiers for both medieval authors and modern historians. Among
the subjects covered are Archbishop Anselm's travels across
Christendom; the portrayal of borders in the writings of William of
Jumièges, Orderic Vitalis, and Gerald of Wales; and the limits of
Norman seigneurial and papal power at the edges of Europe. Overall,
the essays demonstrate the role that the manipulation of borders
played in the creation of the "Norman World", and address what
these borders did and whom they benefited.
A series which is a model of its kind: Edmund King The wide-ranging
articles collected here represent the cutting edge of recent
Anglo-Norman scholarship. There is a particular focus on historical
sources for the eleventh and twelfth centuries, and especially on
the key texts which are used by historians in understanding the
past. There are articles on Eadmer's Historia Novorum, Dudo of
Saint-Quentin's Historia Normannorum, the historical profession at
Durham, and the use of charters to understand the role of women in
the Norman march of Wales. Other contributions examine canon law in
late twelfth-century England, and Angevin rule in Normandy in the
time of Henry fitz Empress. The Old English world is also
represented in the volume: there is a fresh investigation into
Harold Godwineson's posthumous reputation, and a new interpretation
of the reign of Aethelred the Unready. S.D. CHURCH is Professor of
Medieval History at the University of East Anglia. Contributors:
Emma Cavell, Catherine Cubitt, John Gillingham, Mark Hagger, Fraser
McNair, Charles C. Rozier, Nicholas Ruffini-Ronzani, Danica
Summerlin, Ann Williams
The dynamics of medieval societies in England and beyond form the
focus of these essays on the Anglo-Norman world. Over the last
fifty years Ann Williams has transformed our understanding of
Anglo-Saxon and Norman society in her studies of personalities and
elites. In this collection, leading scholars in the field revisit
themes that have beencentral to her work, and open up new insights
into the workings of the multi-cultural communities of the realm of
England in the early Middle Ages. There are detailed discussions of
local and regional elites and the interplay between them that
fashioned the distinctive institutions of local government in the
pre-Conquest period; radical new readings of key events such as the
crisis of 1051 and a reassessment of the Bayeux Tapestry as the
beginnings of theHistoria Anglorum; studies of the impact of the
Norman Conquest and the survival of the English; and explorations
of the social, political, and administrative cultures in
post-Conquest England and Normandy. The individualessays are united
overall by the articulation of the local, regional, and national
identities that that shaped the societies of the period.
Contributors: S.D. Church, William Aird, Lucy Marten, Hirokazu
Tsurushima, Valentine Fallan, Judith Everard, Vanessa King, Pamela
Taylor, Charles Insley, Simon Keynes, Sally Harvey, K.S.B.
Keats-Rohan, David Bates, Emma Mason, David Roffe, Mark Hagger.
A magisterial survey of Normandy from its origins in the tenth
century to its conquest some two hundred years later. In around
911, the Viking adventurer Rollo was granted the city of Rouen and
its surrounding district by the Frankish King Charles the Simple.
Two further grants of territory followed in 924 and 933. But while
Frankish kings mightgrant this land to Rollo and his son, William
Longsword, these two Norman dukes and their successors had to fight
and negotiate with rival lords, hostile neighbours, kings, and
popes in order to establish and maintain their authority over it.
This book explores the geographical and political development of
what would become the duchy of Normandy, and the relations between
the dukes and these rivals for their lands and their subjects'
fidelity. It looks, too, at the administrative machinery the dukes
built to support their regime, from their toll-collectors and
vicomtes (an official similar to the English sheriff) to the
political theatre of their courts and the buildings in which they
were staged. At the heart of this exercise are the narratives that
purport to tell us about what the dukes did, and the surviving body
of the dukes' diplomas. Neither can be taken at face value, and
both tell usas much about the concerns and criticisms of the dukes'
subjects as they do about the strength of the dukes' authority. The
diplomas, in particular, because most of them were not written by
scribes attached to the dukes' households but rather by their
beneficiaries, can be used to recover something of how the dukes'
subjects saw their rulers, as well as something of what they wanted
or needed from them. Ducal power was the result of a dialogue, and
this volume enables both sides to speak. Mark Hagger is a senior
lecturer in medieval history at Bangor University.
The official records of England are the focus of this volume -
their origin, their use, and what they reveal. The major theme of
this volume is the records of the Anglo-Norman realm, and how they
are used separately and in combination to construct the history of
England and Normandy. The essays cover all types of written source
material,including private charters and the official records of the
chancery and Exchequer, chronicles, and personal sources such as
letters, while some 100 previously unpublished documents are
included in a series of appendices. There arestudies here of
particular Anglo-Normans, including a great aristocrat and a
seneschal of Normandy; of records relating to Normandy surviving in
England; of the Norman and English Exchequers, between them the
financial mainstay of the king/dukes; of the controversial origins
of the English Chancery records; and of Rosamund Clifford, the
King's mistress. CONTRIBUTORS: NICHOLAS VINCENT, DAVID CARPENTER,
DAVID CROOK, MARK HAGGER, DAVID CROUCH, MARIE LOVATT, DANIEL POWER.
A magisterial survey of Normandy from its origins in the tenth
century to its conquest some two hundred years later. This book
provides a comprehensive revision and analysis of Normandy, its
rulers, and governance between the traditional date for the
foundation of the duchy, 911, and the completion of the conquest
led by Count Geoffrey V of theAngevins, 1144. It examines how the
Norman dukes were able to establish and then to maintain themselves
in their duchy, providing a new historical narrative in the
process. It also explores the various tools that they used to
promote and enforce their authority, from the recruitment of armies
to the use of symbolism and emotions at court. In particular, it
also seeks to come to terms with the practicalities of ducal power,
and reveals that it was framed and promoted from the bottom up as
much as from the top down. In around 911, the Viking adventurer
Rollo was granted the city of Rouen and its surrounding district by
the Frankish King Charles the Simple. Two further grants of
territory followed in 924 and 933. But while Frankish kings might
grant this land to Rollo and his son, William Longsword, these two
Norman dukes and their successors had to fight and negotiate with
rival lords, hostile neighbours,kings, and popes in order to
establish and maintain their authority over it. This book explores
the geographical and political development of what would become the
duchy of Normandy, and the relations between the dukes and these
rivals for their lands and their subjects' fidelity. It looks, too,
at the administrative machinery the dukes built to support their
regime, from their toll-collectors and vicomtes (an official
similar to the English sheriff) to the political theatre of their
courts and the buildings in which they were staged. At the heart of
this exercise are the narratives that purport to tell us about what
the dukes did, and the surviving body of the dukes'diplomas.
Neither can be taken at face value, and both tell us as much about
the concerns and criticisms of the dukes' subjects as they do about
the strength of the dukes' authority. The diplomas, in particular,
because most of them were not written by scribes attached to the
dukes' households but rather by their beneficiaries, can be used to
recover something of how the dukes' subjects saw their rulers, as
well as something of what they wanted or neededfrom them. Ducal
power was the result of a dialogue, and this volume enables both
sides to speak.
A series which is a model of its kind EDMUND KING, HISTORY A
particular area of interest in this volume is the landscape and
economy of late Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman England, with papers
on castles, deer parks, marshlands, fisheries, and taxation. Two
complementary papers discuss neglected aspects of the Bayeux
Tapestry: gesture, and the representation of identity and status.
Other papers survey the deaths of kings, the role of the Norman
vicomte, the estates of the king's wife in Anglo-Saxon England, and
lay piety. John Gillingham's Allen Brown Memorial Lecture considers
right conduct in battle. C.P. Lewis is Reader in History at the
Institute of Historical Research, University of London.
Contributors: JOHNGILLINGHAM, STEPHEN CHURCH, MARK GARDINER, ALBAN
GAUTIER, MARK HAGGER, RYAN LAVELLE, MICHAEL LEWIS, ANDREW LOWERRE,
GALE OWEN-CROCKER, HUGH THOMAS, HIROKAZU TSURUSHIMA, ANDREW
WAREHAM, XIANG DONG WEI.
1066 is the most famous date in English history. On 14 October, on
Senlac Hill near Hastings, a battle was fought that would change
the face of England forever. Over the next twenty years, Norman
culture was imposed on England, and English politics and society
were radically reshaped. But how much is really known about William
'the Conqueror', the Norman duke who led his men to victory on that
autumn Saturday in what was to be the last successful invasion of
England? Mark Hagger here takes a fresh look at William - his life
and leadership. As king, he spent much of his reign threatened by
rebellion and invasion. In response, he ordered castles and
strongholds to be built across the land - a symbol of the force
with which he defended his realm and which, along with Domesday
Book, England's first public record, attest to a powerful legacy.
This book provides a rounded portrait of one of England's greatest
rulers.
1066 is the most famous date in English history. On 14 October, on
Senlac Hill near Hastings, a battle was fought that would change
the face of England forever. Over the next twenty years, Norman
culture was imposed on England, and English politics and society
were radically reshaped. But how much is really known about William
'the Conqueror', the Norman duke who led his men to victory on that
autumn Saturday in what was to be the last successful invasion of
England? Mark Hagger here takes a fresh look at William - his life
and leadership. As king, he spent much of his reign threatened by
rebellion and invasion. In response, he ordered castles and
strongholds to be built across the land - a symbol of the force
with which he defended his realm and which, along with Domesday
Book, England's first public record, attest to a powerful legacy.
This book provides a rounded portrait of one of England's greatest
rulers.
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