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The most comprehensive and authoritative collection on Kant's
philosophy edited by leading figures in the field Deep and thorough
coverage of Kant's major three Critiques, essential for any student
of Kant Specially commissioned chapters cover the whole span of
Kant's thought Illustrates the fundamental importance of Kant's
philosophy in both a historical and contemporary context, by
examining contemporary Kantian thought Covers topics normally
overlooked or under-examined, such as Kant and the natural
sciences.
The Routledge Handbook of Moral Epistemology brings together
philosophers, cognitive scientists, developmental and evolutionary
psychologists, animal ethologists, intellectual historians, and
educators to provide the most comprehensive analysis of the
prospects for moral knowledge ever assembled in print. The book's
thirty chapters feature leading experts describing the nature of
moral thought, its evolution, childhood development, and
neurological realization. Various forms of moral skepticism are
addressed along with the historical development of ideals of moral
knowledge and their role in law, education, legal policy, and other
areas of social life. Highlights include: * Analyses of moral
cognition and moral learning by leading cognitive scientists *
Accounts of the normative practices of animals by expert animal
ethologists * An overview of the evolution of cooperation by
preeminent evolutionary psychologists * Sophisticated treatments of
moral skepticism, relativism, moral uncertainty, and know-how by
renowned philosophers * Scholarly accounts of the development of
Western moral thinking by eminent intellectual historians * Careful
analyses of the role played by conceptions of moral knowledge in
political liberation movements, religious institutions, criminal
law, secondary education, and professional codes of ethics
articulated by cutting-edge social and moral philosophers.
In the past 25 years or so, the issue of ethical universalizability
has figured prominently in theoretical as well as practical ethics.
The term, 'universaliz ability' used in connection with ethical
considerations, was apparently first introduced in the mid-1950s by
R. M. Hare to refer to what he characterized as a logical thesis
about certain sorts of evaluative sentences (Hare, 1955). The term
has since been used to cover a broad variety of ethical
considerations including those associated with the ideas of
impartiality, consistency, justice, equality, and reversibility as
well as those raised in the familar questions: 'What if everyone
did that?' and 'How would you like it if someone did that to you?
But this recent effloresence of the use of the term
'universalizability' is something that has deep historical roots,
and has been central in various forms to the thinking about
morality of some of the greatest and most influential philosophers
in the western tradition. While the term is relatively new, the
ideas it is now used to express have a long history. Most of these
ideas and questions have been or can be formulated into a principle
to be discussed, criticized, or defended. As we discuss these ideas
below this prin ciple will be stated on a separate numbered line.
The concepts of justice and equality were closely linked in Greek
thought. These connections between these two concepts are apparent
even in two authors who were hostile to the connection, Plato and
Aristotle."
In the past 25 years or so, the issue of ethical universalizability
has figured prominently in theoretical as well as practical ethics.
The term, 'universaliz ability' used in connection with ethical
considerations, was apparently first introduced in the mid-1950s by
R. M. Hare to refer to what he characterized as a logical thesis
about certain sorts of evaluative sentences (Hare, 1955). The term
has since been used to cover a broad variety of ethical
considerations including those associated with the ideas of
impartiality, consistency, justice, equality, and reversibility as
well as those raised in the familar questions: 'What if everyone
did that?' and 'How would you like it if someone did that to you?
But this recent effloresence of the use of the term
'universalizability' is something that has deep historical roots,
and has been central in various forms to the thinking about
morality of some of the greatest and most influential philosophers
in the western tradition. While the term is relatively new, the
ideas it is now used to express have a long history. Most of these
ideas and questions have been or can be formulated into a principle
to be discussed, criticized, or defended. As we discuss these ideas
below this prin ciple will be stated on a separate numbered line.
The concepts of justice and equality were closely linked in Greek
thought. These connections between these two concepts are apparent
even in two authors who were hostile to the connection, Plato and
Aristotle."
Moral Theory: An Introduction explores some of the historically
most important and currently debated moral theories about the
nature of the right and the good, including divine command theory,
relativism, natural law theory, consequentialism, egoism, Kant's
ethics, ethics of prima facie duties, contractualism, virtue ethics
and care ethics. Providing an introduction to moral theory that
explains and critically examines the theories of such classical
philosophers as Aristotle, Aquinas, Bentham, Kant, Mill, and Ross,
this book acquaints students with the work of contemporary moral
philosophers. Each chapter has been revised and updated. The third
edition includes a new chapter on moral contractualism and an
extensively revised chapter on virtue ethics and care ethics.
Additionally, the book discusses recent work by moral psychologists
making an impact on moral theory.
The Routledge Handbook of Moral Epistemology brings together
philosophers, cognitive scientists, developmental and evolutionary
psychologists, animal ethologists, intellectual historians, and
educators to provide the most comprehensive analysis of the
prospects for moral knowledge ever assembled in print. The book's
thirty chapters feature leading experts describing the nature of
moral thought, its evolution, childhood development, and
neurological realization. Various forms of moral skepticism are
addressed along with the historical development of ideals of moral
knowledge and their role in law, education, legal policy, and other
areas of social life. Highlights include: * Analyses of moral
cognition and moral learning by leading cognitive scientists *
Accounts of the normative practices of animals by expert animal
ethologists * An overview of the evolution of cooperation by
preeminent evolutionary psychologists * Sophisticated treatments of
moral skepticism, relativism, moral uncertainty, and know-how by
renowned philosophers * Scholarly accounts of the development of
Western moral thinking by eminent intellectual historians * Careful
analyses of the role played by conceptions of moral knowledge in
political liberation movements, religious institutions, criminal
law, secondary education, and professional codes of ethics
articulated by cutting-edge social and moral philosophers.
Immanuel Kant's final publication in ethics was The Doctrine of
Virtue, Part II of the 1797 The Metaphysics of Morals. This text
presents Kant's normative ethical theory. This guide is meant to be
read alongside Kant's text, combining accessible explanations and
novel interpretations of this difficult text. It is the first book
in English devoted to The Doctrine of Virtue, one of Kant's most
significant works. Timmons divides the guide into five parts. Part
I reviews Kant's life, the history and significance of The Doctrine
of Virtue, and situates Kant's ethics within his general
metaphysical and epistemological views. Part II is devoted to the
General Introduction to The Metaphysics of Morals, which is
essential for understanding Kant's ethics. Part III and Part IV
turn to The Doctrine of Virtue itself, exploring Kant's defense of
a system of duties and corresponding virtues. Part V examines
Kant's conception of moral education, the practice of virtue, and
the conclusion to the book where Kant explains why the discipline
of ethics does not include religion as a doctrine of duties to God.
Timmons concludes the book highlighting key aspects of The Doctrine
of Virtue, situating Kant's ethical theory in relation to other
normative ethical theories. This guide is a vital resource for both
students and scholars interested in ethics and the history of
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Moral Theory: An Introduction explores some of the most
historically important and currently debated moral theories about
the nature of the right and good. Providing an introduction to
moral theory that explains and critically examines the theories of
such classical moral philosophers as Aristotle, Aquinas, Kant,
Bentham, Mill, and Ross, this book acquaints students with the work
of contemporary moral philosophers. All of the book's chapters have
been revised in light of recent work in moral theory. The second
edition includes a new chapter on ethical egoism, an extensively
revised chapter on moral particularism, and expanded coverage of
divine command theory, moral relativism, and consequentialism.
Additionally, this edition discusses recent work by moral
psychologists that is making an impact on moral theory.
In Moral Knowledge?: New Readings in Moral Epistemology, editors
Walter Sinnott-Armstrong and Mark Timmons bring together eleven
newly written essays by distinguished moral philosophers exploring
the nature and possibility of moral knowledge. Each essay
represents a major position within the exciting field of moral
epistemology in which a proponent of the position presents and
defends his or her view and locates it vis-a-vis competing
views.
The first chapter, written by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, provides a
framework for understanding the basic concepts and viewpoints in
moral epistemology and presents a limited skeptical challenge to
the justification of moral beliefs. The following essays represent
various options in response to moral skepticism. Peter Railton and
Simon Blackburn take different stances on moral truth and realism,
Robert Audi defends a version of intuitionism, and Geoffrey
Sayre-McCord adopts coherentism, while R.M. Hare combines elements
of both foundationalism and coherentism. Richard Brandt discusses
the relevance of empirical science to moral knowledge, Christopher
Morris develops a contractarian account of moral justification, and
David Copp bases moral knowledge on rational choices by societies.
Margaret Urban Walker aruges for a feminist perspective on moral
knowledge, and Mark Timmons expounds contextualism in moral
epistemology.
The lively and clear selections do not presuppose specialized
knowledge of philosophy, and the philosophical vocabulary used
throughout the anthology is uniform, in order to facilitate
understanding by those not familiar with the field. The first
chapter includes a sustained critical discussion of the major views
represented in the following chapters, thereby furnishing beginning
students with appropriate background to understand the selections.
The volume is further enhanced by an index and an extensive
bibliography, which is divided into sections corresponding to the
chapters of the book. Moral Knowledge provides the most up-to-date
work on moral knowledge and justification and serves as an
excellent text for undergraduate and graduate courses.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE is an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Moral Theory: An Introduction explores some of the historically
most important and currently debated moral theories about the
nature of the right and the good, including divine command theory,
relativism, natural law theory, consequentialism, egoism, Kant's
ethics, ethics of prima facie duties, contractualism, virtue ethics
and care ethics. Providing an introduction to moral theory that
explains and critically examines the theories of such classical
philosophers as Aristotle, Aquinas, Bentham, Kant, Mill, and Ross,
this book acquaints students with the work of contemporary moral
philosophers. Each chapter has been revised and updated. The third
edition includes a new chapter on moral contractualism and an
extensively revised chapter on virtue ethics and care ethics.
Additionally, the book discusses recent work by moral psychologists
making an impact on moral theory.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
In thirteen specially written essays, leading philosophers explore
Kantian themes in moral and political philosophy that are prominent
in the work of Thomas E. Hill, Jr. The first three essays focus on
respect and self-respect.; the second three on practical reason and
public reason. The third section covers a set of topics in social
and political philosophy, including Kantian perspectives on
homicide and animals. The final set of essays discuss duty,
volition, and complicity in ethics. In conclusion Hill offers an
overview of his work and responses to the preceding essays.
This volume of new essays provides a comprehensive and structured
examination of Kantian accounts of practical justification. This
examination serves as a starting point for a focused investigation
of the Kantian approach to justification in practical disciplines
(ethics, legal and political philosophy or philosophy of religion).
The recent growth of literature on this subject is not surprising
given that Kant's approach seems so promising: he claims to be able
to justify unconditional normative claims without recourse to
assumptions, views or doctrines, which are not in their turn
justifiable. Within the context of modern pluralism, this is
exactly what the field needs: an approach which can demonstrably
show why certain normative claims are valid, and why the grounds of
these claims are valid in their turn, and why the freedom to
question them should not be stifled. Although this has been a
growth area in philosophy, no systematic and sustained study of the
topic of practical justification in Kantian philosophy has been
undertaken so far.
With fourteen original chapters and an introduction from leading
researchers in the field, this volume addresses this neglected
topic. The starting point is the still-dominant view that a
successful account of justification of normative claims has to be
non-metaphysical. The essays engage with this dominant view and
pursue further implications in ethics, legal and political
philosophy, as well as philosophy of religion. Throughout the
essays, the contributors bring into contact with contemporary
debates key interpretive questions about Kant's views on practical
justification.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics is an annual forum for new work
in normative ethical theory. Leading philosophers present original
contributions to our understanding of a wide range of moral issues
and positions, from analysis of competing approaches to normative
ethics (including moral realism, constructivism, and expressivism)
to questions of how we should act and live well. OSNE will be an
essential resource for scholars and students working in moral
philosophy.
Metaethics, understood as a distinct branch of ethics, is often
traced to G. E. Moore's 1903 classic, Principia Ethica. Whereas
normative ethics is concerned to answer first-order moral questions
about what is good and bad, right and wrong, metaethics is
concerned to answer second-order non-moral questions about the
semantics, metaphysics, and epistemology of moral thought and
discourse. Moore has continued to exert a powerful influence, and
the sixteen essays here (most of them specially written for the
volume) represent the most up-to-date work in metaethics after, and
in some cases directly inspired by, the work of Moore.
Contributors include Robert Audi, Stephen Barker, Paul Bloomfield,
Panayot Butchvarvov, Jonathan Dancy, Stephen Darwall, Jamie Dreier,
Allan Gibbard, Brad Hooker, Terry Horgan, Connie Rosati, Russ
Shafer-Landau, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Michael Smith, Philip
Stratton-Lake, Sigrun Svavarsdottir, Mark Timmons, and Judith
Jarvis Thomson.
Metaethics, understood as a distinct branch of ethics, is often
traced to G. E. Moore's 1903 classic, Principia Ethica. Whereas
normative ethics is concerned to answer first-order moral questions
about what is good and bad, right and wrong, metaethics is
concerned to answer second-order non-moral questions about the
semantics, metaphysics, and epistemology of moral thought and
discourse. Moore has continued to exert a powerful influence, and
the sixteen essays here (most of them specially written for the
volume) represent the most up-to-date work in metaethics after, and
in some cases directly inspired by, the work of Moore.
Contributors include Robert Audi, Stephen Barker, Paul Bloomfield,
Panayot Butchvarvov, Jonathan Dancy, Stephen Darwall, Jamie Dreier,
Allan Gibbard, Brad Hooker, Terry Horgan, Connie Rosati, Russ
Shafer-Landau, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Michael Smith, Philip
Stratton-Lake, Sigrun Svavarsdottir, Mark Timmons, and Judith
Jarvis Thompson.
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