This book quantifies the potential for greater energy efficiency in industry on the basis of technology- and sector-related analyses. Starting from the methodological fundamentals, the first part discusses the electricity- and heat-based basic technologies and cross-sectional processes on the basis of numerous application examples. In addition to classic topics such as lighting and heat recovery, the study also covers processes that have received less attention to date, such as drying and painting. The second part is devoted to energy-intensive industries, in particular metal production and processing, the manufacture of the non-metallic materials cement and glass, and the chemical, paper, plastics and food industries. Both parts are concluded by placing them in a larger energy and economic context. The findings are condensed into checklists at many points and summarized in the overall view at the end to form generally applicable recommendations. This book is a translation of the original German 2nd edition Energieeffizienz in der Industrie by Markus Blesl and Alois Kessler, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2017. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.