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Metaphors are a vital linguistic component of religious speech and
serve as a cultural indicator of how groups understand themselves
and the world. The essays compiled in this volume analyze the use,
function, and structure of metaphors in Jewish writings from the
Hellenistic-Roman period (including the works of Philo and the
texts of Qumran), as well as in apocryphal early Christian texts
and inscriptions.
This compendium examines the origins of the God Yahweh, his place
in the Syrian-Palestinian and Northern Arabian pantheon during the
bronze and iron ages, and the beginnings of the cultic veneration
of Yahweh. Contributors analyze the epigraphic and archeological
evidence, apply fundamental considerations from the cultural and
religious sciences, and analyze the relevant Old Testament texts.
This compendium examines the origins of the God Yahweh, his place
in the Syrian-Palestinian and Northern Arabian pantheon during the
bronze and iron ages, and the beginnings of the cultic veneration
of Yahweh. Contributors analyze the epigraphic and archeological
evidence, apply fundamental considerations from the cultural and
religious sciences, and analyze the relevant Old Testament texts.
The volume presents a collection of international papers on the
literary genesis of the deuteronomistic history and on
"Deuteronomism" in the books from Genesis to Kings. They discuss
the essence of Old Testament historiography together with the
overall historical editorial and compositional relationship between
"Pentateuch", "Hexateuch" and "Early Prophets".
The Old Testament is integrally bound to the history and culture of
Ancient Israeland the Ancient Middle East. This collection of
essays primarily employs approaches from the fields of literary
history andarcheology. It makes an important contribution to
cultural and religious historical aspects of kingship and prophecy.
It also casts a new light on questions regarding institutional
education and worship practices, on the possibilities and
limitations of religious historical comparison, and on Biblical
interpretation in a Judeo-Christian context.
The contributors to this volume on the literary and editorial
history of the books from Genesis to Joshua present a collection of
programmatic papers dealing with the history of research and
individual points of exegesis which demonstrate the problematic
nature of the Yahwist hypothesis and take new approaches to an
interpretation of the redaction history of the Hexateuch,
particularly in the parts not emanating from the priestly code. The
individual papers are written by international Old Testament
authorities from Europe, Israel and the USA. The contributors are:
A. Graeme Auld, Uwe Becker, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Erhard Blum, Thomas
B. Dozeman, William Johnstone, Ernst Axel Knauf, Reinhard Gregor
Kratz, Albert de Pury, Thomas Romer, Hans-Christoph Schmitt, Jean
Louis Ska."
In this collection of essays, Markus Witte offers a survey of
genres in the wisdom literature of the Old Testament as well as
exegetical and thematic case studies of the books of Job, Ben Sira,
Wisdom of Solomon, and the Psalms of Solomon. The author focuses
especially on reflections on the justice and power of God, on human
knowledge, and on good and evil. He thereby demonstrates the
contribution of early Jewish wisdom to the Hellenistic culture of
knowledge and to biblical theology.
This title provides a comprehensive and profound introduction to
the literature and history of the Old Testament. Beginning with
methods and sources, this Handbook looks at the Biblical text,
archaeology, other texts, and iconography. It explores varying
exegetical methods, including historical criticism, canonical
approach, feminist, social scientific and liberation theology.
Methods in archaeology, Hebrew epigraphic and iconography are also
covered. The second section is devoted to the history and religious
history of Ancient Israel. Introductory matters, such as
fundamental terminology and definitions, ethnic identity, ancestors
and the dead, geography and time reckoning are explicated before
the book moves on to a historical survey from the Iron Age (c. 1200
BCE) to the early Roman period (ending about 63 CE). The heart of
the book is a detailed survey of the Hebrew canonical books,
section by section and book by book. The discussion for each book
includes: biblical presentation and content; problems arising from
the history of literary analysis and research; the origin and
growth of the writing; the theology; and notes on reception
history. This book will provide students with everything they need
to study the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament.
In this volume, Witte presents three case studies on biblical
theology and demonstrates how the ways of speaking and thinking
about God in the Old Testament constitute the religio-historical
and theological basis for the discourse on God’s acts in the
person of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. The theology of the
Old Testament and that of the New Testament are inseparably
connected, even if discrete theologies of the Old and New
Testaments can be identified. The first study traces the
development of the understanding of God in the Old Testament
through the Hebrew divine title, El Shaddai, and one of its most
important Greek equivalents, pantokrator. The use of the title El
Shaddai, its ancient Near Eastern religious background, its
transfer into Hellenistic Judaism, and its theological significance
reveal fundamental aspects of a biblical theology that is equally
indebted to comparative philology and to the history of religion.
The second essay discusses justice as a central theme of the
theology of the Old Testament and as an essential category in
defining the relationship between God and humanity through a
selection of different texts from the canon of the Hebrew Bible and
the Septuagint. The third study offers a short literary-historical
biography of Yahweh as the creator of the world, the master of
history, the guarantor of justice, and the donor of wisdom. It
takes into account the approach of the first essay, which presents
theology as a sort of religio-historical onomastics, and reflects,
on the basis of the second essay, the traditio-historical
presentation of images of God and his anointed in the Old Testament
as a background for theology and christology in the New Testament.
Das Buch Jesus Sirach stellt eine gewaltige Synthese
weisheitlicher, kultischer, prophetischer, rechtlicher und
historiographischer Traditionen des antiken Israel und des frühen
Judentums dar. Um 180 v.Chr. in Jerusalem als Lehrbuch verfasst,
verbindet sein auf Hebräisch schreibender Autor das jüdische
Gesetz mit der kosmischen Weisheit und formuliert Maximen zum
gelingenden Leben in der vielfältigen Welt des Hellenismus. Der
vorliegende Band präsentiert alle bis heute bekannten hebräischen
Fragmente dieses Buchs samt deutscher Ãœbersetzung sowie
ausgewählte Texte der um 120 v.Chr. in Alexandria erstellten
griechischen Übertragung. Einzelne Essays führen in die
literarischen und kulturellen Kontexte des Sirachbuchs ein,
beleuchten zentrale in ihm behandelte Themen wie die rechte
Lebensführung, die Gerechtigkeit Gottes, die Bedeutung des Gebets
oder die Auslegung der heiligen Schriften Israels und skizzieren
exemplarisch die Rolle dieses jüdischen Werkes in der christlichen
Frömmigkeitsgeschichte.
This title presents a comprehensive and profound introduction to
the literature and history of the Old Testament. Beginning with
methods and sources, this Handbook looks at the Biblical text,
archaeology, other texts, and iconography. It explores varying
exegetical methods, including historical criticism, canonical
approach, feminist, social scientific and liberation theology.
Methods in archaeology, Hebrew epigraphic and iconography are also
covered. The second section is devoted to the history and religious
history of Ancient Israel. Introductory matters, such as
fundamental terminology and definitions, ethnic identity, ancestors
and the dead, geography and time reckoning are explicated before
the book moves on to a historical survey from the Iron Age (c. 1200
BCE) to the early Roman period (ending about 63 CE). The heart of
the book is a detailed survey of the Hebrew canonical books,
section by section and book by book. The discussion for each book
includes: biblical presentation and content; problems arising from
the history of literary analysis and research; the origin and
growth of the writing; the theology; and notes on reception
history. This book will provide students with everything they need
to study the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament.
Suffering, freedom and justice as well as the mysteriousness of God
are among the great themes of human existence. In the Book of Job
they are poetically reflected in tremendous density. The circles
involved in its creation play with the literary traditions of
ancient Israel and early Judaism and bring different theologies of
cult, legal and wisdom origins into a polyphonic conversation. The
present commentary traces this conversation with a view to its
literary origin and its reception in early Judaism and early
Christianity. Theodicy poems from the ancient oriental environment
are included in the translation and verse-by-verse interpretation
of the individual chapters of the Book of Job, as are Egyptian
wisdom texts and philosophical discourses from the Greek and Roman
environment of the Old Testament. Individual excursions provide
information on the anthropological, ethical, mythological and
theological backgrounds of the Book of Job.
Zion. Symbol of Life in Judaism and Christianity] In Jewish and
Christian traditions Mount Zion is associated with ideas of
salvation according to which this place is to be understood as the
spatially fixed source of life. In biblical tradition it is
considered as the Mountain of God resp. the World Mountain a site
of God s instructions for the whole world and the place of the
gigantic battles of the nations, which will herald the end of
history. The contributions of internationally renowned scientists
from Europe, Israel and the USA collected here present images of
Zion to be found in Isaiah and in the Psalms, in early Jewish, New
Testamental and rabbinical texts as well as in medieval Jewish
literature and in Martin Luther s works. Mit dem Berg Zion
verbinden sich in judischer und christlicher Tradition
Heilsvorstellungen, die diesen Ort als raumlich fixierte Quelle des
Lebens verstehen. In der biblischen Uberlieferung gilt er als
Gottes- und als Weltenberg als Statte universaler Unterweisung
durch Gott und als Ort gigantischer Volkerschlachten, mit denen das
Ende der Geschichte eingelautet wird. In den mit dem Zion
verknupften Motiven spiegeln sich wesentliche Konzeptionen des
judischen Tempels, des Konigtums Gottes und der Stellung Israels in
Raum und Zeit. Die hier gesammelten Beitrage international
renommierter Wissenschaftler aus Europa, Israel und den USA
prasentieren Bilder des Zions bei Jesaja und in den Psalmen, in
fruhjudischen, neutestamentlichen und rabbinischen Texten sowie in
der mittelalterlichen judischen Dichtung und bei Martin Luther. Der
Sammelband unterstreicht die Bedeutung des Zion als einem
gemeinsamen Element religioser Identitat in Judentum und
Christentum.
Der Band bietet eine Sammlung von Predigten A"ber Texte aus dem
Alten Testament, die der Verfasser in den Jahren 2004 bis 2015 in
Hochschulgottesdiensten gehalten hat. Mittels ausgewAhlter Bilder
und Motive in den Schriften des alten Israel und des frA"hen
Judentums wird menschliches Leben in der Spannung von GlA"ck und
UnglA"ck, Gelingen und Misslingen, Freude und Trauer gedeutet. Die
vorgefA"hrten Auslegungen zielen auf Orientierung in einer oft
rAtselhaften Welt. Dabei werden neueste exegetische Erkenntnisse im
Modus der VerkA"ndigung fA"r die Erhellung menschlicher Existenz
fruchtbar gemacht. Den Predigten sind grundsAtzliche Aberlegungen
zur literarischen und theologischen Rolle des Alten Testaments im
Rahmen der einen aus zwei Teilen bestehenden christlichen Bibel,
zum VerhAltnis von Kirche und Judentum sowie zum lebensdeutenden
Potential heiliger Schriften vorangestellt. Mit dieser
hermeneutischen Einleitung und der Fokussierung auf Texte aus dem
Alten Testament fA"gt sich der Band zur gegenwArtig wieder neu in
Kirche und Theologie entbrannten Diskussion A"ber die Frage der
theologischen Zuordnung der Schriften Israels zur Offenbarung
Gottes in Jesus Christus.
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