As nation states consolidated their power in the early modern period, Europe witnessed tragic economic dislocations, oppression, and wars leading to waves of terrorism and revolution that mirror our contemporary world situation in striking ways. Current perceptions of the dynamics of revolution, however, are largely determined by theoretical models that fail to account for the realities of the early modern peiod. This volume, the first comparative study of the three insurrections that erupted almost simultaneously during the War of the Spanish Succession, addresses that problem. Using their careful review of historical events as a focus, Linda Frey and Marsha Frey explore the nature and causes of revolution and examine the preconceptions and mythology surrounding that term.

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Since 1984, when the second volume of Women in Western European History became available, a significant amount of new material has been published that will be of importance to researchers and students with an interest in women's status and experiences in European history. This new bibliography, which encompasses the period from antiquity to the present, supplements and udpates the earlier volumes. In addition to new and recently discovered works, later editions and translations of previously cited works are offered.

From 1702 to 1714, the War of the Spanish Succession affected most of Europe and significant parts of the New World, with battles ranging from the Hungarian plains to the harbors of Rio de Janeiro. The death of the last Hapsburg King of Spain unleashed a struggle for his empire. This book includes entries analyzing the individuals who determined the course of the war, who played a diplomatic, economic, or military role, as well as entries analyzing the pivotal battles influencing the outcome. The provisions of the final treaties, known as the Pacification of Utrecht, are examined in detail, as is the significance of those provisions. The diplomats at Utrecht followed the principles of balance of power, compensation, and legitimacy to mold the peace. The peace set the boundaries of Western Europe until the convulsion of the French Revolution. The book opens with an introduction pointing to the significance of the treaties provisions. The alphabetical arrangement of the entries, the numerous cross-references, the bibliographies at the end of the entries, a genealogical table, a chronology, and the index make this work easy to use.

From the start of the Thirty Years' War in 1618 through the end of the 19th century, combat shaped the daily life of European civilians. This book explores the effects of war on the everyday life of civilians during that era. Included are chapters on the Thirty Years' War, the wars of 1648 through 1789, the wars of the French Revolution, the Napoleonic wars, and the battles which took place from 1815 through 1900. Each chapter is written by an expert contributor and cites works for further reading. From the start of the Thirty Years' War in 1618 through the close of the 19th century, Europe was plagued with military conflicts. While soldiers were the most obvious participants and casualties of these wars, civilians were also affected. This book explores the impact of warfare on the daily life of European civilians from 1618 through 1900. The volume begins with a look at the effects of the Thirty Years' War, one of the most devastating and brutal in European history. It then examines the conflicts which took place between 1648 and the French Revolution of 1789. From there the book looks at daily life during the wars of the French Revolution. It then considers daily life during the Napoleonic wars, while a final chapter discusses the period from 1815 to 1900. Each chapter is written by an expert contributor and suggests works for further reading.

The French Revolution has often been perceived as the dawn of the modern era, the divide between the ancien regime and the contemporary world. It is an undeniably crucial event in the history of Western Civilization. Yet it is also a confusing and oft-misunderstood event. This comprehensive examination of the Revolution provides students with a narrative historical overview, essays on major aspects of the event, lengthy biographical profiles of key persons, the text of important primary documents contemporary to the time, a timeline, a glossary, and an annotated bibliography of print and electronic sources suitable to students. This is an ideal starting point for students and general readers interested in this fascinating historical period. Marsha and Linda Frey, noted French historians, place the French Revolution in historical and social context for the reader. In addition to a historical overview, other essays explore the deterioration of the ancien regime and the birth of the revolution, the Terror, the culture of the Revolution, Revolution-era diplomacy, and the ambiguous legacy of the Revolution. Biographical portraits range from Louis XVI to Robespierre and from Danton to Lafayette. Primary documents such as the Declaration of the Rights of Man, excerpts from the memoirs of French minister Miot de Melito, and Englishman William Eden's description of Revolutionary France bring to life the political, cultural, and emotional upheaval that was the French Revolution. Illustrations from contemporary sources add a valuable visual component to this all-in-one reference source.