The correspondence in this volume continues to reveal the variety of responses to Darwin's species theory in the second year following the publication of The Origin of Species. Darwin also begins to turn to new "evolutionary" projects that illustrate how the theory could be applied to solving important problems in natural history. The letters also yield important new information about contemporary research.

Volume 8 opens with Darwin eagerly scrutinizing each new review, as one by one all the major media of the day carried notices of the book. To those who express their views privately in letters, Darwin responds patiently and thoughtfully, answering their objections and attempting to guide their fuller understanding of the operation of natural selection. His more personal thoughts emerge in letters to his friends Joseph Dalton Hooker, Charles Lyell, and Thomas Henry Huxley. This volume presents a wealth of detailed information, giving the full range of response to the Origin and revealing how Victorians coped with a theory that many recognized would revolutionize thinking about the organic world and human ancestry.