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For almost four thousand years, men and women with power have
exploited vulnerable populations for cheap or free labor. These
slaves, serfs, helots, tenants, peons, bonded or forced laborers,
etc., built pyramids and temples, dug canals and mined the earth
for precious metals and gemstones. They built the palaces and
mansions in which the powerful lived, grown the food they ate, spun
the cloth that clothed them. This second edition of Historical
Dictionary of Slavery and Abolition relates the long and brutal
history of slavery and the struggle for abolition using several key
features: .Chronology .Introductory essay .Appendixes .Extensive
bibliography .Over 500 cross-referenced entries on forms of
slavery, famous slaves and abolitionists, sources of slaves, and
current conditions of modern slavery around the world This book is
an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone
wanting to know more about slavery and abolition."
Slavery's origins lie far back in the mists of prehistoric times
and have spanned the globe-two facts that most history texts fail
to address. The crucial moment of transition in the evolution of
slavery was the point at which the successful warriors decided that
they could exploit the labor of their prisoners, forcing them into
a degraded underclass. This handy paperback version of the
Historical Dictionary of Slavery and Abolition provides a
historical overview of slavery though the ages, from prehistoric
times to the modern day. It details slavery's different forms and
the circumstances existing in numerous countries and regions. A
complete treatment of this cruel institution, including a
discussion of the causes and cures, as well as the plight of those
who fought against it.
Colonial rule started with an endless succession of small, but
often brutal, wars of conquest, the moral justification for which
was that the European conquerors were bringing 'civilization' to
'darkest Africa'. An intrinsic part of this so-called 'civilizing
mission' was the eradication of slave raiding, slave trading and
slavery, all of which were widespread on the continent.
Some of the studies in this book are on areas where there has been
little research, such as the German colonies and the Algerian
Sahara. Others throw new light on questions already debated, such
as emancipation on the Gold Coast. Some focus on the impact of
abolition on particular groups of slaves. Among the themes
considered is the role of slaves in their own emancipation, the
short and long term results of abolition, the role of the League of
Nations, and the vestiges of slavery in Africa today.
Colonial rule began in most of Africa in the later 19th entury and
lasted for about 100 years. It started with an endless succession
of small, but often brutal, wars of conquest, for which the moral
justification was that the European conqurors were bringing
civilization to darkest Africa. An intrinsic part of this so-called
civilising mission was the eradication of slave raiding, slave
trading and slavery, all of which were widespread on the continent.
In fact for many years in most areas, the colonial rulers, although
they passed anti-slavery laws in various forms, did very little to
enforce them. Instead, fearing that sudden emancipation would
result in the mass departure of slaves, economic ruin and the
flight or rebellion of owners, they collaborated with rulers,
chiefs, and other slave owners, often bolstering their power and
giving them further means of exploitation.
Manchuelle suggests an alternative to traditional migration theory.
Of all France's black African migrants, 85 per cent are Soninke
from one area of West Africa. This study of their migration to
Europe challenges the view that they were coerced by colonial tax
and violence and claims that the evidence shows rather that they
were indeed willing migrants. North America: Ohio U Press
This collection of essays explores the ways that memories of
African slavery and the slave trade persist into the present, as
well as the effect those memories have in shaping political,
social, economic, and religious behaviour today. The articles take
a range of approaches: several examine the stigma that slave
origins engender; one pairs lamentations about slave raiders with
songs that celebrate a community's victory over a major predator;
another looks at the impact of slavery through the lens of tales
told by children. One author examines the techniques used by
descendants of slave traders and slave owners to overcome their
guilt, such as worshiping the spirits of those enslaved by their
ancestors, while another shows how democratic politics has made it
possible for descendants of slaves to liberate themselves from
their inferior social status. The authors use a variety of
sources-interviews, proverbs, songs, religious art, newspaper
articles, and children's stories-to illuminate not only how people
remember the past but also how they struggle to liberate themselves
from it.
Though the history of slavery is a central topic for African,
Atlantic world and world history, most of the sources presenting
research in this area are European in origin. To cast light on
African perspectives, and on the point of view of enslaved men and
women, this group of top Africanist scholars has examined both
conventional historical sources (such as European travel accounts,
colonial documents, court cases, and missionary records) and
less-explored sources of information (such as folklore, oral
traditions, songs and proverbs, life histories collected by
missionaries and colonial officials, correspondence in Arabic, and
consular and admiralty interviews with runaway slaves). Each source
has a short introduction highlighting its significance and
orienting the reader. This first of two volumes provides students
and scholars with a trove of African sources for studying African
slavery and the slave trade.
Using oral sources, as well as official and missionary archives, Martin Klein describes the history of slavery during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in three former French colonies. He considers the impact of the Atlantic slave trade and the evolution of slavery both before the French and under their rule. While he discusses French policy, the main focus of the book is the constantly changing relationships between slave and master, and the attempts on the part of slaves to seek freedom, or autonomy where they remained in servitude.
What were the experiences of those in Africa who suffered from the
practice of slavery, those who found themselves captured and sold
from person to person, those who died on the trails, those who were
forced to live in fear? And what of those Africans who profited
from the slave trade and slavery? What were their perspectives? How
do we access any of these experiences and views? This volume
explores diverse sources such as oral testimonies, possession
rituals, Arabic language sources, European missionary,
administrative and court records and African intellectual writings
to discover what they can tell us about slavery and the slave trade
in Africa. Also discussed are the methodologies that can be used to
uncover the often hidden experiences of Africans embedded in these
sources. This book will be invaluable for students and researchers
interested in the history of slavery, the slave trade and
post-slavery in Africa.
Though the history of slavery is a central topic for African,
Atlantic world and world history, most of the sources presenting
research in this area are European in origin. To cast light on
African perspectives, and on the point of view of enslaved men and
women, this group of top Africanist scholars has examined both
conventional historical sources (such as European travel accounts,
colonial documents, court cases, and missionary records) and
less-explored sources of information (such as folklore, oral
traditions, songs and proverbs, life histories collected by
missionaries and colonial officials, correspondence in Arabic, and
consular and admiralty interviews with runaway slaves). Each source
has a short introduction highlighting its significance and
orienting the reader. This first of two volumes provides students
and scholars with a trove of African sources for studying African
slavery and the slave trade.
Using oral sources, as well as official and missionary archives, Martin Klein describes the history of slavery during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in three former French colonies. He considers the impact of the Atlantic slave trade and the evolution of slavery both before the French and under their rule. While he discusses French policy, the main focus of the book is the constantly changing relationships between slave and master, and the attempts on the part of slaves to seek freedom, or autonomy where they remained in servitude.
What were the experiences of those in Africa who suffered from the
practice of slavery, those who found themselves captured and sold
from person to person, those who died on the trails, those who were
forced to live in fear? And what of those Africans who profited
from the slave trade and slavery? What were their perspectives? How
do we access any of these experiences and views? This volume
explores diverse sources such as oral testimonies, possession
rituals, Arabic language sources, European missionary,
administrative and court records and African intellectual writings
to discover what they can tell us about slavery and the slave trade
in Africa. Also discussed are the methodologies that can be used to
uncover the often hidden experiences of Africans embedded in these
sources. This book will be invaluable for students and researchers
interested in the history of slavery, the slave trade and
post-slavery in Africa.
Because the American history of slavery and emancipation tends to
be foremost in Western minds, few realise that traditional forms of
servitude still exist in a variety of places around the world:
children are sold on the streets of Bangkok, bondage persists in
India despite official efforts to abolish it and, until 1980,
slavery was legal in Mauritania. ""Breaking the Chains"" deals with
emancipation in African and Asian societies which were either
colonised or came under the domination of European powers in the
19th century. In these societies, emancipation involved the
imposition on non-European societies of an explicitly European
discourse on slavery, and, in most cases, a free labour ideology.
Most of the slave masters described in these essays were not
European and found European ideas on emancipation difficult to
accept. Against this backdrop, the essayists (many of whom
contribute their own non-Western perspective) focus on the
transition from slavery (or other forms of bondage) to
emancipation. They show that in each case the process involved
pressure from European abolition movements, the extension of
capitalist relations or production, the concerns and perceptions of
the colonial state, and the efforts of non-Western elites to
modernise their cultures. Martin Klein argues that the Asian and
African experience has much in common with the American experience,
particularly in efforts to control labour and family life. The
struggle to control the labour of former slaves has often been
intense and, he suggests, has had a continuing impact on the social
order in former slave societies.
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