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This is the definitive guide to successful study as an
international postgraduate student. Chapters cover all the core
academic skills, including time management, reading, referencing,
critical thinking, doing research, and writing and speaking for
assessment. The book features a wealth of examples, activities and
checklists to help students hone their skills. The 2nd edition
features: - New content on writing critical reviews and case study
reports, managing digital sources and using electronic databases -
Additional activities on referencing and critical thinking -
Practical pointers to help students hit the ground running and
quickly get to grips with the expectations and conventions of
postgraduate study
In his rich and varied career as a mathematician, computer
scientist, and educator, Jacob T. Schwartz wrote seminal works in
analysis, mathematical economics, programming languages,
algorithmics, and computational geometry. In this volume of essays,
his friends, students, and collaborators at the Courant Institute
of Mathematical Sciences present recent results in some of the
fields that Schwartz explored: quantum theory, the theory and
practice of programming, program correctness and decision
procedures, dextrous manipulation in Robotics, motion planning, and
genomics. In addition to presenting recent results in these fields,
these essays illuminate the astonishingly productive trajectory of
a brilliant and original scientist and thinker.
The collapse of the Soviet Union has seen the emergence of its
unprecedentedly comprehensive global secret military mapping
project and the commercial availability of a vast number of
detailed topographic maps and city plans at several scales. This
thesis provides an in-depth examination of the series of over 2,000
large-scale city plans produced in secret by the Military
Topographic Directorate ( ) of the General Staff between the end of
the Second World War and the collapse of the USSR in 1991. After
positioning the series in its historical context, the nature and
content of the plans are examined in detail. A poststructuralist
perspective introduces possibilities to utilise and apply the maps
in new contexts, which this thesis facilitates by providing a
systematic, empirical analysis of the Soviet map symbology at
1:10,000 and 1:25,000, using new translations of production manuals
and a sample of the city plans. A comparative analysis with the
current OpenStreetMap symbology indicates scope for Soviet mapping
to be used as a valuable supplementary topographic resource in a
variety of existing and future global mapping initiatives,
including humanitarian crisis mapping. This leads to a conclusion
that the relevance and value of Soviet military maps endure in
modern applications, both as a source of data and as a means of
overcoming contemporary cartographic challenges relating to
symbology, design and the handling of large datasets.
Prison is seen by most people as an inevitable part of the penal
system, but there is a growing awareness that its effects on
offenders are rarely beneficial and may be positively harmful. In
Prisoners of Society, originally published in 1974, Martin Davies
argued that there was still the need in society for a commitment,
not to reform its deviant members, but to provide a compassionate
service in those situations where it was most needed. He looks at
the increasingly important role of the probation service in prisons
and borstals, and discusses the likelihood of radical changes
occurring within the system at the time. Dr Davies focuses on the
concepts of welfare, training, rehabilitation and after-care, and
places them in the context of sentencing policy. He asks whether
society is deluding itself in expecting imprisonment to be at the
same time punishment and the springboard for personal reform. Using
case examples, material from prisoners’ autobiographies, official
documents and a wide range of research papers, he presents a
rounded view of a crucial aspect of the contemporary penal system,
and compels the reader to face up to the question: What does
society expect of its prisons and its prisoners?
This is the definitive guide to successful study as an
international postgraduate student. Chapters cover all the core
academic skills, including time management, reading, referencing,
critical thinking, doing research, and writing and speaking for
assessment. The book features a wealth of examples, activities and
checklists to help students hone their skills. The 2nd edition
features: - New content on writing critical reviews and case study
reports, managing digital sources and using electronic databases -
Additional activities on referencing and critical thinking -
Practical pointers to help students hit the ground running and
quickly get to grips with the expectations and conventions of
postgraduate study
In the late 1970s the idea of volunteer ‘helping’ in social
work had recently been brought to the forefront of public attention
again as society had come to depend more and more on volunteer
commitment to supplement, support or even replace the professional
social worker. Originally published in 1977, the three
self-contained essays presented in this book are all concerned with
the concept of ‘helping’, and are linked by the author’s
experience of an experiment in voluntary service carried out in
Manchester’s special schools. Through his personal involvement in
the project, Martin Davies is able to give a detailed account of
its aims, and to discuss it critically. The first essay monitors
the project, and the second uses material gained during interviews
with the families and volunteers to analyse their attitudes towards
the helping relationship. The conclusions the author reaches had
major significance for the practice and organization of the
personal social services in Britain. The final essay presents a
lucid account of systems theory and its applicability to social
work, and raises fundamental questions about the nature of support
systems in an urban society.
How do sociologists explain the role and function of social work in
society? How has sociological knowledge been used, adapted and
misused by social workers? Originally published in 1991, The
Sociology of Social Work includes chapters on sociological theory
and social work, child protection, community care, probation
interviews, family therapy, residential care, race, and knowledge
and power.
The Enlightenment is generally painted as a movement of ideas and
society lasting from the late seventeenth to the early nineteenth
century, but this book argues that the Enlightenment is an
essential component of modernity itself. In the course of the
study, Martin Davies offers an original world-view and a critique
of some recent interpretations of the Enlightenment.
Originally published in 1981. This is a book for the final year
undergraduate or first year graduate who intends to proceed with
serious research in philosophical logic. It will be welcomed by
both lecturers and students for its careful consideration of main
themes ranging from Gricean accounts of meaning to two dimensional
modal logic. The first part of the book is concerned with the
nature of the semantic theorist’s project, and particularly with
the crucial concepts of meaning, truth, and semantic structure. The
second and third parts deal with various constructions that are
found in natural languages: names, quantifiers, definite
descriptions, and modal operators. Throughout, while assuming some
familiarity with philosophical logic and elementary formal logic,
the text provides a clear exposition. It brings together related
ideas, and in some places refines and improves upon existing
accounts.
Originally published in 1981. This is a book for the final year
undergraduate or first year graduate who intends to proceed with
serious research in philosophical logic. It will be welcomed by
both lecturers and students for its careful consideration of main
themes ranging from Gricean accounts of meaning to two dimensional
modal logic. The first part of the book is concerned with the
nature of the semantic theorist's project, and particularly with
the crucial concepts of meaning, truth, and semantic structure. The
second and third parts deal with various constructions that are
found in natural languages: names, quantifiers, definite
descriptions, and modal operators. Throughout, while assuming some
familiarity with philosophical logic and elementary formal logic,
the text provides a clear exposition. It brings together related
ideas, and in some places refines and improves upon existing
accounts.
How History Works assesses the social function of academic
knowledge in the humanities, exemplified by history, and offers a
critique of the validity of historical knowledge. The book focusses
on history's academic, disciplinary ethos to offer a reconception
of the discipline of history, arguing that it is an existential
liability: if critical analysis reveals the sense that history
offers to the world to be illusory, what stops historical
scholarship from becoming a disguise for pessimism or nihilism?
History is routinely invoked in all kinds of cultural, political,
economic, psychological situations to provide a reliable account or
justification of what is happening. Moreover, it addresses a world
already receptive to comprehensive historical explanations: since
everyone has some knowledge of history, everyone can be manipulated
by it. This book analyses the relationship between specialized
knowledge and everyday experience, taking phenomenology (Husserl)
and pragmatism (James) as methodological guides. It is informed by
a wide literature sceptical of the sense academic historical
expertise produces and of the work history does, represented by
thinkers such as Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Valery, Anders and
Cioran. How History Works discusses how history makes sense of the
world even if what happens is senseless, arguing that behind the
smoke-screen of historical scholarship looms a chaotic
world-dynamic indifferent to human existence. It is valuable
reading for anyone interested in historiography and historical
theory.
This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the
social-psychological literature on social interaction in small
groups. Part I covers the influence of the physical situation,
personalities, and social characteristics of the group members on
the dynamics of the group. Part II covers the effect of the
presence of others on pressures to conform experienced by group
members. Part III includes chapters on roles, relationships, and
leadership. Part IV reviews verbal and nonverbal communication,
group decision making, and choice shift. Part V deals with
cooperation, competition, and conflict resolution. Part VI
discusses two types of external influence on the small group: the
influence exerted by a larger group of which the smaller group is
part, and the influence exerted by other groups with which the
small group cooperates or competes.
Computers are everywhere today--at work, in the bank, in artist's
studios, sometimes even in our pockets--yet they remain to many of
us objects of irreducible mystery. How can today's computers
perform such a bewildering variety of tasks if computing is just
glorified arithmetic? The answer, as Martin Davis lucidly
illustrates, lies in the fact that computers are essentially
engines of logic. Their hardware and software embody concepts
developed over centuries by logicians such as Leibniz, Boole, and
Godel, culminating in the amazing insights of Alan Turing. The
Universal Computer traces the development of these concepts by
exploring with captivating detail the lives and work of the
geniuses who first formulated them. Readers will come away with a
revelatory understanding of how and why computers work and how the
algorithms within them came to be.
Thinking about the Enlightenment looks beyond the current
parameters of studying the Enlightenment, to the issues that can be
understood by reflecting on the period in a broader context. Each
of the thirteen original chapters, by an international and
interdisciplinary team of contributors, illustrates the problematic
legacy of the Enlightenment and the continued ramifications of its
thinking since the eighteenth century. Together, they consider
whether modernity can see its roots in the intellectual revolution
of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The collection is
divided into six sections, preceded by a comprehensive introduction
to the field and the most recent scholarship on the period. Across
the sections, the contributors consider modern day encounters with
Enlightenment thinking, including Kant's moral philosophy, the
conflict between reason and faith, the significance of the
Enlightenment of law and the gender inequality that persisted
throughout the eighteenth century. By examining specific encounters
with the problematic results of Enlightenment concerns, the
contributors are able to illuminate and offer new perspectives on
topics such as human nature, race, politics, gender and
rationality. Drawing from history, philosophy, literature and
anthropology, this book enables students and academics alike to
take a fresh look at the Enlightenment and its legacy in the modern
world.
This new volume covers studies and reviews published in the
period 1975 to 1988. Its focus is not on the evaluation of current
research, but rather it calls attention to available works that
might be relevant for those wishing to do further research in a
specified area. For this reason the editors refer to other reviews
of parts of this literature that may provide a somewhat different
perspective or that include citations selected on different
criteria. When a study deals with more than one major variable or
effect, it may be cited in several chapters.
This work focuses on the factors critical to successful injection
moulding, including knowledge of plastic materials and how they
melt, the importance of mould design, the role of the screw, and
the correct use of the controls of an injection moulding machine.
It seeks to provide operating personnel with a clear understanding
of the basics of injection moulding, resulting in more efficient
processing, reduced cycle times, and better part quality with fewer
rejects.
The third edition of The Essential Social Worker has been radically
revised and updated and contains an entirely new chapter providing
a clear outline of the historical and policy-related framework
within which social work operates in areas of particular practice -
child care, disability, mental health, old age and criminal
justice. The Essential Social Worker defends the idea of a broadly
based profession seeking to maintain disadvantaged people in the
community. It bravely confronts the shallowness of many short-term
fashions and argues that social work is a uniquely humane
contributor to the achievement of welfare in the 1990s and beyond.
A careful reading of The Essential Social Worker will ensure that
the student gains an understanding of the role of social work in a
complex urban society and develops an awareness of the debates
which surround it. Social work is often subject to public
criticism, but, as the author shows, it has continued to grow in
scale and in influence throughout the 20th century and although its
structure will continue to evolve, social work will remain
essential in any society which regards itself as democratic and
humane.
"Interdisciplinary Higher Education" offers a contemporary of our
understanding and practice of interdisciplinary higher education.
Part I (Chapters 1 to 5) considers a range of theoretical
perspectives on interdisciplinarity: the nature of disciplines,
complexity, leadership, group working, and academic development.
Part II (Chapters 6 to 18) provides more than a dozen vignettes of
interdisciplinary practice, drawn from Australian, Malaysia, the
Netherlands, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.
Fully revised second edition of an established reference work
This must-read text presents the pioneering work of the late
Professor Jacob (Jack) T. Schwartz on computational logic and set
theory and its application to proof verification techniques,
culminating in the AEtnaNova system, a prototype computer program
designed to verify the correctness of mathematical proofs presented
in the language of set theory. Topics and features: describes in
depth how a specific first-order theory can be exploited to model
and carry out reasoning in branches of computer science and
mathematics; presents an unique system for automated proof
verification in large-scale software systems; integrates important
proof-engineering issues, reflecting the goals of large-scale
verifiers; includes an appendix showing formalized proofs of
ordinals, of various properties of the transitive closure
operation, of finite and transfinite induction principles, and of
Zorn's lemma."
'In a short life he accomplished much, and to the roll of great
names in the history of his particular studies added his own.' So
is described one of the greatest figures of the twentieth century,
yet Alan Turing's name was not widely recognised until his
contribution to the breaking of the German Enigma code became
public in the 1970s. The story of Turing's life fascinates and in
the years since his suicide, Turing's reputation has only grown, as
his contributions to logic, mathematics, computing, artificial
intelligence and computational biology have become better
appreciated. To commemorate the centenary of Turing's birth, this
republication of his mother's biography is enriched by a new
foreword by Martin Davis and a never-before-published memoir by
Alan's older brother. The contrast between this memoir and the
original biography reveals tensions and sheds new light on Turing's
relationship with his family, and on the man himself.
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