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Transforming Socialist Economies presents - for the first time - an
account of the initial attempts to transform the centrally planned
economies of Czechoslovakia and Poland into modern capitalist
economies.Both countries have adopted 'shock therapy' aimed at the
fastest possible transition but with disappointing results. Poland
appears to be on the brink of permanent depression and political
paralysis. Czechoslovakia is only now beginning to show the first
signs of economic recovery and faces the prospect of partition. In
seeking to explain these disappointing results, Dr Myant critically
analyses recent economic performance and past attempts at economic
reform. He shows the weaknesses in the theory behind 'shock
therapy', considers the political processes that led to its
adoption and analyses its impact on the economy, on relations in
the workplace and on political life. The result is a provocative
and enlightening view of economic reform which will be essential
reading for economists and political scientists.
Originally published in 1994, this volume analyses the relationship
between political parties and trade unions in Poland, the Czech
Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Bulgaria. Political parties had
high visibility in the changes that took place in Eastern Europe
during the 1980s and early 1990s. Far less visible were the
developments in the trade union sphere, where the old 'mass
organizations' of the communist period, now independent, were
joined by newly-formed organizations, and both played a central
role in politics.
Will the manufacturing industry in east-central Europe survive when
the host countries join the European Union? This controversial book
challenges the assumption, made by the European Commission, that
industries in transitional economies should have little difficulty
establishing and maintaining a competitive position after entry
into the European Union. The analysis focuses on Hungary, Poland,
the Czech Republic, Slovakia and the former east Germany. Issues
discussed include: * changes in economic structures, the
transformation of enterprises and financial restructuring * levels
of competitiveness in the countries, the region and internationally
* industrial policy in the region * levels and nature of investment
* limits and sources of growth * integration into western Europe *
dangers of over-hasty harmonization of macroeconomic conditions
with the European Union The authors conclude that although the
basic structures of a market economy are firmly established, the
transition has not encouraged the development of more advanced
industrial activities. They strongly suggest that there should be
an active policy framework, based on international experience,
specifically geared towards improving the international
competitiveness of industry in east-central Europe.
The end of communism and accession to the European Union have had a
huge impact on Poland. This book provides an overall assessment of
the post-1989 transformation in Poland. It focuses in particular on
four key themes: economic transformation and its outcomes; the
heritage of the past and national identity; regional development in
Poland including the implications of EU accession for regional
development; and political developments both before and after EU
accession. In addition the book shows how changes in all these
areas are related, and emphasises the overall common themes. The
book is in memory of George Blazyca, of the University of Paisley,
whose work on the political economy of transition in Poland is
highly regarded, and who did a great deal to support the work of
Polish academic colleagues and to promote the work of young
scholars.
The end of communism and accession to the European Union have had a
huge impact on Poland. This book provides an overall assessment of
the post-1989 transformation in Poland. It focuses in particular on
four key themes: economic transformation and its outcomes; the
heritage of the past and national identity; regional development in
Poland including the implications of EU accession for regional
development; and political developments both before and after EU
accession. In addition the book shows how changes in all these
areas are related, and emphasises the overall common themes. The
book is in memory of George Blazyca, of the University of Paisley,
whose work on the political economy of transition in Poland is
highly regarded, and who did a great deal to support the work of
Polish academic colleagues and to promote the work of young
scholars.
The economic crisis of 2008, starting from the US banking crisis,
affected economic and political development in varied ways around
the world. This edited volume examines the impact of the crisis on
Eastern Europe and Russia, and the resulting policy responses.
Taken as a whole, the economies of the former state socialist
countries - frequently still referred to as transition economies -
were hit hard by the crisis, suffering falls in GDP in 2009 that
were deeper than the average around the world. However, there was
considerable variety in the effects on individual countries, whilst
some continuing to grow, others suffered quite exceptional falls in
output. Policy responses were also quite diverse and do not
obviously fit with the nature and severity of economic factors. The
more general impacts on political life were also varied. In many
cases very much the same governments continued in power, while in
others there were significant changes and signs of a growing
instability in party and political structures. The articles in this
book explore these differences between countries and set them in a
wider international context. This book was published as a special
issue of Europe-Asia Studies.
Successful Transformations? contrasts the recent experience of
economic development in Eastern Germany and the Czech Republic. It
provides a comparative up-to-date account critically assessing the
transition from central planning to a free market economy. The book
highlights the very different paths that these two economies have
taken. Eastern Germany has been absorbed almost entirely into the
political and economic framework of West Germany. In contrast the
Czech Republic - which is widely acclaimed to have made the
speediest transition - has from the outset adopted an independent
line. The book illustrates the strengths and weaknesses of these
two different paths and addresses the key question as to whether
the relative success of these two economies can point to a special
policy regime which might aid economic transition in other former
communist countries.
This book offers a detailed, critical account of the economic
transformation of the Czech Republic since 1989. It follows the
development and implementation of a reform strategy based on
'shock' therapy and rapid privatisation, set against the background
of turbulent political change and conflict. The aim of the
government in the mid 1990s was the creation of a 'Czech'
capitalism, with Czech-owned business empires and banks. A detailed
analysis of developments in banking and industrial enterprises
shows how the chosen strategy led instead to continuing
inefficiency, flawed management decisions and uncontrolled
profiteering. These combined factors contributed to serious
economic difficulties in the latter part of the decade, with
success stories largely confined to foreign-owned firms. After
1998, a new government attempted to encourage economic revival
based upon a fresh strategy which emphasised the sale of banks and
industrial enterprises to foreign owners. Even with this new reform
strategy, the author concludes that the results were, at best,
mixed. Throughout the analysis, the author provides in-depth
commentary on a variety of topics including the sources of economic
growth, the role of the central bank, developments in banking and
industrial enterprises and the impact of inward direct investment.
It is rare to find such a comprehensive book which assesses the
economic transformations of a single country. The detailed analysis
and pertinent conclusions will be welcomed by academics and
researchers with an interest in transition economies, European
integration, international finance and political science.
The economic crisis of 2008, starting from the US banking crisis,
affected economic and political development in varied ways around
the world. This edited volume examines the impact of the crisis on
Eastern Europe and Russia, and the resulting policy responses.
Taken as a whole, the economies of the former state socialist
countries - frequently still referred to as transition economies -
were hit hard by the crisis, suffering falls in GDP in 2009 that
were deeper than the average around the world. However, there was
considerable variety in the effects on individual countries, whilst
some continuing to grow, others suffered quite exceptional falls in
output. Policy responses were also quite diverse and do not
obviously fit with the nature and severity of economic factors. The
more general impacts on political life were also varied. In many
cases very much the same governments continued in power, while in
others there were significant changes and signs of a growing
instability in party and political structures. The articles in this
book explore these differences between countries and set them in a
wider international context. This book was published as a special
issue of Europe-Asia Studies.
This book was published in 1989 and was written in the context of a
strong impetus for internal reform in the Soviet Union and Eastern
Europe. As Dr Myant shows, economic and political developments have
been as entwined in Czechoslovakia as elsewhere in the COMECON
network. He presents a detailed account of the development and
performance of the Czech economy over a period of forty years, and
reveals the problems and tensions created by the chosen system of
centralised planning. The study shows clearly that economic change
can only be understood in a broader international and political
context, and highlights certain crucial formative periods, most
notably the early the early 1950s, the early 1960s and, of course,
1968. Dr Myant's conclusion is that any economic reform will have
little substance unless accompanied by appropriate political
change.
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