An essential introduction to one of the most timely and important subjects in economics International Macroeconomics presents a rigorous and theoretically elegant treatment of real-world international macroeconomic problems, incorporating the latest economic research while maintaining a microfounded, optimizing, and dynamic general equilibrium approach. This one-of-a-kind textbook introduces a basic model and applies it to fundamental questions in international economics, including the determinants of the current account in small and large economies, processes of adjustment to shocks, the determinants of the real exchange rate, the role of fixed and flexible exchange rates in models with nominal rigidities, and interactions between monetary and fiscal policy. The book confronts theoretical predictions using actual data, highlighting both the power and limits of given theories and encouraging critical thinking. Provides a rigorous and elegant treatment of fundamental questions in international macroeconomics Brings undergraduate and master's instruction in line with modern economic research Follows a microfounded, optimizing, and dynamic general equilibrium approach Addresses fundamental questions in international economics, such as the role of capital controls in the presence of financial frictions and balance-of-payments crises Uses real-world data to test the predictions of theoretical models Features a wealth of exercises at the end of each chapter that challenge students to hone their theoretical skills and scrutinize the empirical relevance of models Accompanied by a website with lecture slides for every chapter

A cutting-edge graduate-level textbook on the macroeconomics of international trade Combining theoretical models and data in ways unimaginable just a few years ago, open economy macroeconomics has experienced enormous growth over the past several decades. This rigorous and self-contained textbook brings graduate students, scholars, and policymakers to the research frontier and provides the tools and context necessary for new research and policy proposals. Martin Uribe and Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe factor in the discipline's latest developments, including major theoretical advances in incorporating financial and nominal frictions into microfounded dynamic models of the open economy, the availability of macro- and microdata for emerging and developed countries, and a revolution in the tools available to simulate and estimate dynamic stochastic models. The authors begin with a canonical general equilibrium model of an open economy and then build levels of complexity through the coverage of important topics such as international business-cycle analysis, financial frictions as drivers and transmitters of business cycles and global crises, sovereign default, pecuniary externalities, involuntary unemployment, optimal macroprudential policy, and the role of nominal rigidities in shaping optimal exchange-rate policy. Based on courses taught at several universities, Open Economy Macroeconomics is an essential resource for students, researchers, and practitioners. * Detailed exploration of international business-cycle analysis* Coverage of financial frictions as drivers and transmitters of business cycles and global crises* Extensive investigation of nominal rigidities and their role in shaping optimal exchange-rate policy* Other topics include fixed exchange-rate regimes, involuntary unemployment, optimal macroprudential policy, and sovereign default and debt sustainability* Chapters include exercises and replication codes

Despues de mas de un periodo de conflictos militares, Centroamerica ha pasado a una etapa de transiciones a la democracia. Panama paso en 1994 a disolver sus fuerzas militares uniendose asi a Costa Rica como estados sin ejercitos. Haiti, tambien disuelve su aparato militar. Actores importantes mantienen una postura de desmilitarizacion a fin de dedicar recursos a la inversion en seguridad social y desarrollo. Un punto alto de expresion fue el 15 de Diciembre de 1995, cuando se firma por los Jefes de Estado de cada pais un Tratado denominado de Seguridad Democratica de Centroamerica. Se suscribe pero posteriormente, el parlamento costarricense y el panameno plantean reservas en todos los aspectos relacionados con personal militar, balance de fuerzas, es decir con cuestiones de compra de armamento. Mas recientemente altos funcionarios publicos han expresado que un elemento que impide la integracion centroamericana es la militarizacion. Se es enfatico al senalar que la manera de acelerar el proceso de integracion social, economica, cultural y politica regional seria mediante la desmilitarizacion."