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This volume grew out of a project to conduct a survey of the
scientific literature of the United States for items addressing the
e. thical and humane issues of animal experimentation. The original
purpose of the survey was to provide packground information for the
development of a set of guide lines for the use of animals in
research then in preparation by The New York Academy of Sciences'
Ad Hoc Committee on Animal Research. ! We soon realized, however,
that the survey constituted a valuable resource in its own right.
In this book we present the results of the literature survey along
with relevant information about its legislative and historical con
text. We hope that this material will be helpful to biomedical
researchers grappling with animal welfare problems as well as to
social scientists interested in tracing the evolution of the
20th-century phase of the animal research controversy. The time
span covered by the survey was selected to match the 20-year period
between the passage of the first federal Animal Welfare Act in 1966
and the most recent legislation regulating animal research, which
took effect during 1986. Our analysis examines this transitional
period through the pages of the scientific literature. During these
2 decades, animal re search in the United States was transformed.
Activist animal protection organizations catapulted troublesome
ethical questions to national prom inence, throwing the scientific
community2 into turmoil.
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