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Considering the contagious nature, high mortality, quarantine and
to initiate supportive treatment and patient management, accurate
diagnosis of Canine Distemper (CD) infection at an early stage is
essential. From 45 dogs suspected of CD, a total of 135 samples
comprising of blood, nasal (NS) and conjunctival swabs (CS), were
processed for lymphocyte count and RT-PCR. CD was detected in ten
dogs (22.22%)by RT-PCR. The sensitivity of CS was found highly
significant in distemper positive dogs (p 0.05) when compared from
distemper suspected dogs. All the distemper positive dogs were
found lymphopenic. The difference in lymphocyte count in distemper
positive and negative dogs was insignificant (p = 0.203). It was,
however, significant (p = 0.0056) in distemper positive dogs when
repeated thrice at an interval of ten days. In conclusion,
lymphopenia is the suggestive of clinical infection of CD, however,
it is not necessary that all lymphopenic dogs are distemper
positive. In this context, RT-PCR is a test of choice with CS
followed by NS swabs and plasma.
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