After the mainframe and personal computer eras, the third major era in computer science, ubiquitous computing, describes the state of technology in which networked computers would surround every user. The Handbook of Research on Ubiquitous Computing Technology for Real Time Enterprises combines the fundamental methods, algorithms, and concepts of pervasive computing with current innovations and solutions to emerging challenges. With more than 25 authoritative contributions by over 50 of the world's leading experts this groundbreaking resource systemically covers such salient topics as network and application scalability, wireless network connectivity, adaptability and "context-aware" computing, information technology security and liability, and human computer interaction.

Cooperative Computer-Aided Authoring and Learning: A Systems Approach describes in detail a practical system for computer assisted authoring and learning. Drawing from the experiences gained during the Nestor project, jointly run between the Universities of Karlsruhe, Kaiserslautern and Freiburg and the Digital Equipment Corp. Center for Research and Advanced Development, the book presents a concrete example of new concepts in the domain of computer-aided authoring and learning. The conceptual foundation is laid by a reference architecture for an integrated environment for authoring and learning. This overall architecture represents the nucleus, shell and common denominator for the R&D activities carried out. From its conception, the reference architecture was centered around three major issues: Cooperation among and between authors and learners in an open, multimedia and distributed system as the most important attribute; Authoring/learning as the central topic; Laboratory as the term which evoked the most suitable association with the envisioned authoring/learning environment. Within this framework, the book covers four major topics which denote the most important technical domains, namely: The system kernel, based on object orientation and hypermedia; Distributed multimedia support; Cooperation support, and Reusable instructional design support. Cooperative Computer-Aided Authoring and Learning: A Systems Approach is a major contribution to the emerging field of collaborative computing and is essential reading for researchers and practitioners alike. Its pedagogic flavor also makes it suitable for use as a text for a course on the subject.

Even at the beginning of the 21st century, we are far from becoming paperless. Pen and paper is still the only truly ubiquitous information processing technology. Pen-and-paper user interfaces bridge the gap between paper and the digital world. Rather than replacing paper with electronic media, they seamlessly integrate both worlds in a hybrid user interface. Classical paper documents become interactive. This opens up a huge field of novel computer applications at our workplaces and in our homes.

This book provides readers with a broad and extensive overview of the field, so as to provide a full and up-to-date picture of pen-and-paper computing. It covers the underlying technologies, reviews the variety of modern interface concepts and discusses future directions of pen-and-paper computing. Based on the author s award-winning dissertation, the book also provides the first theoretical interaction model of pen-and-paper user interfaces and an integrated set of interaction techniques for knowledge workers. The model proposes a construction set of core interactions that are helpful in designing solutions that address the diversity of pen-and-paper environments. The interaction techniques, concrete instantiations of the model, provide innovative support for working with printed and digital documents. They integrate well-established paper-based practices with concepts derived from hypertext and social media.

Researchers, practitioners who are considering deploying pen-and-paper user interfaces in real-world projects, and interested readers from other research disciplines will find the book an invaluable reference source. Also, it provides an introduction to pen-and-paper computing for the academic curriculum.

"The present book was overdue: a thorough, concise, and well-organized compendium of marriages between paper-based and electronic documents."

Max Muhlhauser, Technische Universitat Darmstadt

"Everyone interested in how to design for real-world activities would profit from reading this book."

James D. Hollan, University of California, San Diego"

Even at the beginning of the 21st century, we are far from becoming paperless. Pen and paper is still the only truly ubiquitous information processing technology. Pen-and-paper user interfaces bridge the gap between paper and the digital world. Rather than replacing paper with electronic media, they seamlessly integrate both worlds in a hybrid user interface. Classical paper documents become interactive. This opens up a huge field of novel computer applications at our workplaces and in our homes.

This book provides readers with a broad and extensive overview of the field, so as to provide a full and up-to-date picture of pen-and-paper computing. It covers the underlying technologies, reviews the variety of modern interface concepts and discusses future directions of pen-and-paper computing. Based on the author s award-winning dissertation, the book also provides the first theoretical interaction model of pen-and-paper user interfaces and an integrated set of interaction techniques for knowledge workers. The model proposes a construction set of core interactions that are helpful in designing solutions that address the diversity of pen-and-paper environments. The interaction techniques, concrete instantiations of the model, provide innovative support for working with printed and digital documents. They integrate well-established paper-based practices with concepts derived from hypertext and social media.

Researchers, practitioners who are considering deploying pen-and-paper user interfaces in real-world projects, and interested readers from other research disciplines will find the book an invaluable reference source. Also, it provides an introduction to pen-and-paper computing for the academic curriculum.

"The present book was overdue: a thorough, concise, and well-organized compendium of marriages between paper-based and electronic documents."

Max Muhlhauser, Technische Universitat Darmstadt

"Everyone interested in how to design for real-world activities would profit from reading this book."

James D. Hollan, University of California, San Diego"

Cooperative Computer-Aided Authoring and Learning: A Systems Approach describes in detail a practical system for computer assisted authoring and learning. Drawing from the experiences gained during the Nestor project, jointly run between the Universities of Karlsruhe, Kaiserslautern and Freiburg and the Digital Equipment Corp. Center for Research and Advanced Development, the book presents a concrete example of new concepts in the domain of computer-aided authoring and learning. The conceptual foundation is laid by a reference architecture for an integrated environment for authoring and learning. This overall architecture represents the nucleus, shell and common denominator for the R&D activities carried out. From its conception, the reference architecture was centered around three major issues: * Cooperation among and between authors and learners in an open, multimedia and distributed system as the most important attribute; * Authoring/learning as the central topic; * Laboratory as the term which evoked the most suitable association with the envisioned authoring/learning environment.Within this framework, the book covers four major topics which denote the most important technical domains, namely: * The system kernel, based on object orientation and hypermedia; * Distributed multimedia support; * Cooperation support, and * Reusable instructional design support. Cooperative Computer-Aided Authoring and Learning: A Systems Approach is a major contribution to the emerging field of collaborative computing and is essential reading for researchers and practitioners alike. Its pedagogic flavor also makes it suitable for use as a text for a course on the subject.

Gegenstand dieses Buches ist die Entwicklung komplexer verteilter Anwendungsprogramme. Thema ist nicht, wie in den traditionellen B}chern }berverteilte DV-Systeme, die Entwicklung oder der Betrieb von Rechnernetzen, sondern deren Einsatz bei der Entwicklung verteilter Anwendungen. In Bereichen wie B}roautomatisierung und Produktionsautomation oder bei Firmen, deren Abl{ufe stark auf internationale Weitverkehrsnetze abgest}tzt sind (Fluggesellschaften, internationale Broker-Firmen), spiegeln die im Buch behandelten Fragestellungen schon heute die Probleme der Anwendungsentwickler wider; in vielen anderen Industriezweigen zeichnet sich die Notwendigkeit komplexer verteilter Anwendungen durch den zunehmenden Zwang zur Verflechtung und zur Automatisierung bereits ab. Ein Blick auf die in der Industrie eingesetzten Hilfsmittel zeigt jedoch, da~ diese f}r die erw{hnten komplexen Anwendungen nicht mehr ad{quat sind. Das Buch richtet sich in erster Linie an Dozenten, Studenten und Wissenschaftler im Bereich des Software Engineering, sowie an Softwareentwickler in der Praxis.