The book presents the important fundamental theorems and algorithms on planar graph drawing with easy-to-understand and constructive proofs. Extensively illustrated and with exercises included at the end of each chapter, it is suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and graduate level courses on algorithms, graph theory, graph drawing, information visualization and computational geometry. The book will also serve as a useful reference source for researchers in the field of graph drawing and software developers in information visualization, VLSI design and CAD.

This undergraduate textbook provides an introduction to graph theory, which has numerous applications in modeling problems in science and technology, and has become a vital component to computer science, computer science and engineering, and mathematics curricula of universities all over the world. The author follows a methodical and easy to understand approach. Beginning with the historical background, motivation and applications of graph theory, the author first explains basic graph theoretic terminologies. From this firm foundation, the author goes on to present paths, cycles, connectivity, trees, matchings, coverings, planar graphs, graph coloring and digraphs as well as some special classes of graphs together with some research topics for advanced study. Filled with exercises and illustrations, Basic Graph Theory is a valuable resource for any undergraduate student to understand and gain confidence in graph theory and its applications to scientific research, algorithms and problem solving.

WALCOM 2010, the 4th International Workshop on Algorithms and Com- tation, held during February 10-12, 2010 in Dhaka, Bangladesh, covered the areas of approximation algorithms, combinatorial algorithms, combinatorial - timization, computational Biology, computational geometry, data structures, graph algorithms, graph drawing, parallel and distributed algorithms, par- eterized complexity, network optimization, online algorithms, randomized - gorithms and string algorithms. The workshop was organized jointly by the Bangladesh Academy of Sciences (BAS) and Bangladesh University of En- neering and Technology (BUET), and the quality of the workshop was ensured by a ProgramCommittee comprising 25 researchersof internationalrepute from Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, France, Germany, Greece, HongKong, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Switzerland, Taiwan, UK and USA. Thisvolumecontains23contributedpapersandfourinvitedpaperspresented atWALCOM2010.TheCallforPapersreceivedanenthusiasticresponse, resu- ing in 60 submissions from 21 countries. The Program Committee thoroughly reviewed each of the 60 submissions and accepted 23 of them for presentation in the workshop after elaborate discussions on review reports. The image of the workshopwas highly enhanced by the four invited talks of eminent and we- knownresearchersTetsuoAsanoofJAIST, Japan, SubirKumarGhoshofTIFR, India, Giuseppe Liotta of University of Perugia, Italy and J anos Pach of EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland and R enyi Institute Budapest, Hun

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Algorithms and Computation, WALCOM 2008, held in Dhaka, Bangladesh, in February 2008.

The 19 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 57 submissions. The papers feature original research in the areas of algorithms and data structures, combinatorial algorithms, graph drawings and graph algorithms, parallel and distributed algorithms, string algorithms, computational geometry, graphs in bioinformatics and computational biology. The papers are organized in topical sections on bioinformatics algorithms, computational geometry and graph drawing, graph algorithms, and algorithm engineering.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Algorithms and Computation, WALCOM 2022, which was held in Jember, Indonesia, during March 24-26, 2022.This proceedings volume contains 30 full papers which were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 89 submissions and 3 invited papers. They cover diverse areas of algorithms and computation, such as approximation algorithms, computational complexity, computational geometry, graph algorithms, graph drawing and visualization, online algorithms, parameterized complexity and property testing.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Algorithms and Computation, WALCOM 2017, held in Hsinchu, Taiwan, in March 2017. The 35 full papers presented together with three invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 83 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on invited talks; computational geometry; combinatorial optimization; graph drawing; graph algorithms; space-efficient algorithms; computational complexity; approximation algorithms.

Buffalo plays an important role in livestock economy over Asia. Among other livestock species the Buffalo is the second most versatile component in relation to existing integrated agricultural farming system in Bangladesh. Reproductive management of buffalo is a foremost concern because of inaccuracy to detect oestrus and pregnancy and all are associated with significant economic losses. Nowadays application of assisted reproductive technologies resembling milk progesterone ELISA, Ultrasonography is successfully improves our understanding on Buffalo Reproduction of Bangladesh. Milk progesterone ELISA was first introduced by Khan et al, (2008) in Bangladesh through Field Fertility Clinic Laboratory (FFC), Bangladesh Agricultural University. Recently milk progesterone ELISA is one of the regularly practiced techniques in Bangladesh to evaluate ovarian cyclicity, oestrus, pregnancy and non-pregnancy status of buffalo, which helps the farmers to maintain the profitable dairy farming.