This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of two workshops held at the 19th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2016, in Athens, Greece, in October 2016: the First International Workshop on Reconstruction and Analysis of Moving Body Organs, RAMBO 2016, and the First International Workshop on Whole-Heart and Great Vessel Segmentation from 3D Cardiovascular MRI in Congenital Heart Disease, HVSMR 2016. The 17 revised regular papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 21 submissions. The papers cover following topics: Registration; Reconstruction; Deep learning for heart segmentation; Discrete optimization and probabilistic intensity modeling; Atlas-based strategies; Random forests.