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There is nothing so permanent as a temporary worker, observers of
guestworker programmes quip. Historically, however, guestworker
programmes and the numbers of guestworkers entering North American
labour markets have fluctuated significantly as changing federal
positions, shifting labour markets, economics, and politics have
impacted access and participation. Today managed migration is
growing in North America. This mirrors the general growth of
migration from poorer to richer countries, with more than 200
million people now living outside their natal countries. Faced with
this phenomenon, managed migration enables nation-states to
regulate those population movements; direct foreign nationals to
specific, identified economic sectors that citizens are less likely
to care about; match employers who claim labour shortages with
highly motivated workers; and offer people from poorer countries
higher earning potential abroad through temporary absence from
their families and homelands. Characterised like this, managed
migration sounds like the ideal alternative to unregulated,
undocumented migration, which too often results in family
separation, wage theft and other abuses, interior bordering and
anti-immigrant sentiment, increased state expenditures for border
patrol and immigration enforcement, and orphaned children when
parents are deported. Unfortunately, as the contributors to this
volume describe, managed migration does not always work on the
ground as well as it does on paper.
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