Each year, the individuals and organizations in the U.S. organ donation, procurement, allocation, and distribution system work together to provide transplants to many thousands of people, but thousands more die before getting a transplant due to the ongoing shortage of deceased donor organs and inequitable access to transplant waiting lists. Realizing the Promise of Equity in the Organ Transplantation System, a new consensus study report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine?s Committee on A Fairer and More Equitable, Cost-Effective, and Transparent System of Donor Organ Procurement, Allocation, and Distribution, provides expert recommendations to improve fairness, equity, transparency, and cost-effectiveness in the donor organ system. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction and Study Context 2 The U.S. Organ Transplantation System and Opportunities for Improvement 3 Foundations for a Trustworthy Deceased Donor Organ Transplantation System 4 Confronting and Eliminating Inequities in the Organ Transplantation System 5 Saving More Lives and Enhancing Equity with Deceased Donor Organ Allocation Policies 6 Improving Procurement, Acceptance, and Use of Deceased Donor Organs 7 Measuring and Improving System Performance Appendix A: Public Meeting Agendas Appendix B: IOM and National Academies Solid Organ Transplantation Reports Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff