Michael Brenner examines European efforts--and American responses--to reduced defense dependency in a post-Cold War world. Unresolved questions abound: institutional form, political direction, resources, and--above all--uncertainty about the place of the United States in security arrangements for and with a new Europe. As he makes clear, the culture of transatlantic security dependency casts a shadow over the ongoing project of reequilibrating the Euro-American alliance. U.S. prestige and power weigh all the heavier because of American ambivalence in coming to terms with its allies' ambitions.

Agreeing on a conception of European Security and Defense Identity and measures to implement it has three requirements: clarifying a security agenda dominated by political goals; candid dialogue on the apprehensions the transatlantic partners have about each other; and dedication to perfecting multilateralism as the standard behavioral code for a more egalitarian alliance. Giving life to ESDI unavoidably will generate tensions and amplify a European voice that at times will grate on Washington's ears. However, as Brenner asserts, making multilateralism work is the best way to ensure that those negatives are outweighed by the value ESDI has for advancing U.S. as well as European interests. This is must reading for scholars, students, and policy makers involved with European security and international relations issues.

Today's graphic output makes use of a colossal number of fonts, compared to 20 years ago. So where is the evolution of type design headed? "Type Compass" answers these questions, showcasing designers from around the world, charting new routes in the field and providing a clear sign of where type might be headed in the future. The publication is innovative in format, too: conceived as a notebook, it encourages the reader to take notes, and to interact with the various topics, making it a handy tool for beginners and experts alike. Content is conveyed in short and direct tips, and dynamically arranged on the page, connecting themes in the fashion of hypertext to link influential typographers, details on today's most innovative typefaces, type foundries and typographic landmarks. "Type Compass" offers a fresh perspective on the subject, helping readers to find their bearings in the rich but intricate world of typography today.

The spectacular culinary creations of modern cuisine are the stuff of countless articles and Instagram feeds. But to a scientist they are also perfect pedagogical explorations into the basic scientific principles of cooking. In Science and Cooking, Harvard professors Michael Brenner, Pia Soerensen and David Weitz bring the classroom to your kitchen to teach the physics and chemistry underlying every recipe. Science and Cooking answers questions such as why we knead bread, what determines the temperature at which we cook a steak or the how much time our chocolate chip cookies should spend in the oven, through fascinating lessons ranging from the role of pressure and boiling points in pecan praline to that of microbes in your coffee. With beautiful full-colour illustrations and recipes, hands-on experiments, and engaging introductions from world-renowned chefs Ferran Adria and Jose Andres, Science and Cooking will change the way readers approach both subjects-in their kitchens and beyond.

A major new history of the century-long debate over what a Jewish state should be Many Zionists who advocated the creation of a Jewish state envisioned a nation like any other. Yet for Israel's founders, the state that emerged against all odds in 1948 was anything but ordinary. Born from the ashes of genocide and a long history of suffering, Israel was conceived to be unique, a model society and the heart of a prosperous new Middle East. It is this paradox, says historian Michael Brenner--the Jewish people's wish for a homeland both normal and exceptional-that shapes Israel's ongoing struggle to define itself and secure a place among nations. In Search of Israel is a major new history of this struggle from the late nineteenth century to our time. When Theodor Herzl convened the First Zionist Congress in 1897, no single solution to the problem of "normalizing" the Jewish people emerged. Herzl proposed a secular-liberal "New Society" that would be home to Jews and non-Jews alike. East European Zionists advocated the renewal of the Hebrew language and the creation of a distinct Jewish culture. Socialists imagined a society of workers' collectives and farm settlements. The Orthodox dreamt of a society based on the laws of Jewish scripture. The stage was set for a clash of Zionist dreams and Israeli realities that continues today. Seventy years after its founding, Israel has achieved much, but for a state widely viewed as either a paragon or a pariah, Brenner argues, the goal of becoming a state like any other remains elusive. If the Jews were the archetypal "other" in history, ironically, Israel-which so much wanted to avoid the stamp of otherness-has become the Jew among the nations.

From acclaimed historian Michael Brenner, a mesmerizing portrait of Munich in the early years of Hitler's quest for power In the aftermath of Germany's defeat in World War I and the failed November Revolution of 1918-19, the conservative government of Bavaria identified Jews with left-wing radicalism. Munich became a hotbed of right-wing extremism, with synagogues under attack and Jews physically assaulted in the streets. It was here that Adolf Hitler established the Nazi movement and developed his antisemitic ideas. Michael Brenner provides a gripping account of how Bavaria's capital city became the testing ground for Nazism and the Final Solution. In an electrifying narrative that takes readers from Hitler's return to Munich following the armistice to his calamitous Beer Hall Putsch in 1923, Brenner demonstrates why the city's transformation is crucial for understanding the Nazi era and the tragedy of the Holocaust. Brenner describes how Hitler and his followers terrorized Munich's Jews and were aided by politicians, judges, police, and ordinary residents. He shows how the city's Jews responded to the antisemitic backlash in many different ways-by declaring their loyalty to the state, by avoiding public life, or by abandoning the city altogether. Drawing on a wealth of previously unknown documents, In Hitler's Munich reveals the untold story of how a once-cosmopolitan city became, in the words of Thomas Mann, "the city of Hitler."

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of three workshops heldat the 20th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and DataSecurity, FC 2016, in Christ Church, Barbados, in February 2016. The 22 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 49 submissions. They feature the outcome of the Second Workshop on Bitcoin and Blockchain Research, BITCOIN 2016, the First Workshop on Secure Voting Systems, VOTING 2016, and the 4th Workshop on Encrypted Computing and Applied Homomorphic Cryptography, WAHC 2016.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of three workshops held at the 19th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, FC 2015, in San Juan, Puerto Rico, in January 2015. The 22 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 39 submissions. They feature the outcome of the Second Workshop on Bitcoin Research, BITCOIN 2015, the Third Workshop on Encrypted Computing and Applied Homomorphic Cryptography, WAHC 2015, and the First Workshop on Wearable Security and Privacy, Wearable 2015.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the workshop on Usable Security, USEC 2013, and the third Workshop on Applied Homomorphic Cryptography, WAHC 2013, held in conjunction with the 17th International Conference on Financial Cryptology and Data Security, FC 2013, in Okinawa, Japan. The 16 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from numerous submissions and cover all aspects of data security. The goal of the USEC workshop was to engage on all aspects of human factors and usability in the context of security. The goal of the WAHC workshop was to bring together professionals, researchers and practitioners in the area of computer security and applied cryptography with an interest in practical applications of homomorphic encryption, secure function evaluation, private information retrieval or searchable encryption to present, discuss, and share the latest findings in the field, and to exchange ideas that address real-world problems with practical solutions using homomorphic cryptography.

A major new history of the century-long debate over what a Jewish state should be Many Zionists who advocated for the creation of a Jewish state envisioned a nation like any other. Yet for Israel's founders, the nation that emerged against all odds in 1948 was anything but ordinary. Born from the ashes of genocide and a long history of suffering, Israel was conceived to be unique, a model society and the heart of a prosperous new Middle East. It is this paradox, says historian Michael Brenner-the Jewish people's wish for a homeland both normal and exceptional-that shapes Israel's ongoing struggle to define itself and secure a place among nations. In Search of Israel is a major new history of this struggle from the late nineteenth century to our time.

In der Oberpfalz gibt es seit dem Mittelalter ein reichhaltiges judisches Leben, das der breiteren Offentlichkeit kaum bekannt ist. Regensburg gehorte zu den bedeutendsten Zentren judischer Gelehrsamkeit im Mittelalter, in der Fruhen Neuzeit entstand in Sulzbach eine der wichtigsten hebraischen Druckereien Europas, und in Floss bestand bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts eine geschlossene judische Siedlung auf dem Judenberg. Flossenburg wurde im 20. Jahrhundert zu einem der Symbole fur die Ausloschung judischen Lebens. Und doch wuchsen nach dem Holocaust in Regensburg, Amberg und Weiden neue judische Gemeinden heran, deren Zukunft seit den neunziger Jahren durch Zuwanderer aus der ehemaligen Sowjetunion wieder gesichert erscheint. Beitrage von Andreas Angerstorfer, Jakob Borut, Michael Brenner, Hans-Christoph Dittscheid, Dieter Dorner, Renate Hopfinger, Andreas B. Kilcher, Aubrey Pomerance, Sebastian Schott, Jorg Skriebeleit, Ittai J. Tamari, Gabriele Ziegler"

This is a sweeping and powerful narrative history of the Jewish people from biblical times to today. Based on the latest scholarship and richly illustrated, it is the most authoritative and accessible chronicle of the Jewish experience available. Michael Brenner tells a dramatic story of change and migration deeply rooted in tradition, taking readers from the mythic wanderings of Moses to the unspeakable atrocities of the Holocaust; from the Babylonian exile to the founding of the modern state of Israel; and from the Sephardic communities under medieval Islam to the shtetls of eastern Europe and the Hasidic enclaves of modern-day Brooklyn. The book is full of fascinating personal stories of exodus and return, from that told about Abraham, who brought his newfound faith into Canaan, to that of Holocaust survivor Esther Barkai, who lived on a kibbutz established on a German estate seized from the Nazi Julius Streicher as she awaited resettlement in Israel. Describing the events and people that have shaped Jewish history, and highlighting the important contributions Jews have made to the arts, politics, religion, and science, "A Short History of the Jews" is a compelling blend of storytelling and scholarship that brings the Jewish past marvelously to life.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of 5 workshops held at the 21st International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, FC 2017, in Sliema, Malta, in April 2017.The 39 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 96 submissions. They feature the outcome of the 5th Workshop on Encrypted Computing and Applied Homomorphic Cryptography, WAHC 2017, the 4th Workshop on Bitcoin and Blockchain Research, BITCOIN 2017, the Second Workshop on Secure Voting Systems, VOTING 2017, the First Workshop on Trusted Smart Contracts, WTSC 2017, and the First Workshop on Targeted Attacks, TA 2017.The papers are grouped in topical sections named: encrypted computing and applied homomorphic cryptography; bitcoin and blockchain research; advances in secure electronic voting schemes; trusted smart contracts; targeted attacks.

This books constitutes the thoroughly refereed papers and poster abstracts from the FC 2014 Workshops, the First Workshop on Bitcoin Research, BITCOIN 2014, and the Second Workshop on Applied Homomorphic Cryptography and Encrypted Computing, WAHC 2014, co-located with the 18th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, held in Christ Church, Barbados, on March 7, 2014. The 15 full papers and 3 poster abstracts presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. They are grouped in topical sections on Bitcoin transactions, policy and legal issues; Bitcoin security; improving digital currencies; posters, and WAHC papers.

Originally published in German in 2012, this comprehensive history of Jewish life in postwar Germany provides a systematic account of Jews and Judaism from the Holocaust to the early 21st century by leading experts of modern German-Jewish history. Beginning in the immediate postwar period with a large concentration of Eastern European Holocaust survivors stranded in Germany, the book follows Jews during the relative quiet period of the fifties and early sixties during which the foundations of new Jewish life were laid. Brenner's volume goes on to address the rise of anti-Israel sentiments after the Six-Day War as well as the beginnings of a critical confrontation with Germany's Nazi past in the late sixties and early seventies, noting the relatively small numbers of Jews living in Germany up to the 1990s. The contributors argue that these Jews were a powerful symbolic presence in German society and sent a meaningful signal to the rest of the world that Jewish life was possible again in Germany after the Holocaust. This landmark history presents a comprehensive account of reconstruction of a multifaceted Jewish life in a country that carries the legacy of being at the epicenter of the Holocaust.

A comprehensive historical survey of the Jewish presence in Central Europe from the seventeenth century to the Holocaust, "German-Jewish History in Modern Times" is a four-volume collective project by a team of leading scholars, offering a vivid portrait of Jewish History. The series is sponsored by the Leo Baeck Institute, established in 1955 in Jerusalem, London, and New York for the purpose of advancing scholarship on the Jews in German-speaking lands. "Integration in Dispute 1871--1918" comprises the third volume and focuses on a period of political, economic, and social change that fundamentally transformed German Jewry.

Eminent scholars consider a broad range of topics: religious and cultural life, demographics, political, legal, and socioeconomic status, relations between Jews and non-Jews, and Jewish participation in the larger context of European history.

Volume 3 begins with the establishment of civil equality for Jews in Germany and Austria-Hungary and describes the complexities of their economic and social integration. The contributors explore the challenges that confronted Jews as they encountered both unprecedented opportunities and continued resistance to their full emancipation and participation in public life. The book discusses their standing as a minority group within German political and professional life and as a differentiated portion of the German middle class; how they coped with successive waves of political antisemitism; how they continued to adapt traditional religious practices to modernity; and how urban middle-class life transformed Jewish families as well as the role of Jewish women in the domestic and public spheres. The forces of social change, coupled with the persistence of antisemitism formed the context for the emergence of Zionism, which posed a powerful challenge to the dominant principle of integration. This volume also seeks to understand the nature and timing of the exceptional contributions of German Jews to the thriving modern culture of such cities as late imperial Vienna and Berlin as well as to the specific religious culture of Judaism.

Each volume includes a bibliographical essay referring readers to the most important secondary literature, a chronology covering the major events discussed, and a series of maps and illustrations. Encompassing the most up-to-date research on the topic, "German Jewish History in Modern Times" is an achievement to be valued by historians, educators, and any reader seeking to understand the singular heritage of the Jewish people in Central Europe.

A comprehensive historical survey of the Jewish presence in Central Europe from the seventeenth century to the Holocaust, "German-Jewish History in Modern Times" is a four-volume collective project by a team of leading scholars, offering a vivid portrait of Jewish history. The series is sponsored by the Leo Baeck Institute, established in 1955 in Jerusalem, London, and New York for the purpose of advancing scholarship on the Jews in German-speaking lands. "Renewal and Destruction, 1918-1945" comprises the final volume and focuses on a period of intense change for European Jewry, culminating with the Holocaust. The first portion of Volume 4 explores the ambivalence experienced by Jews in the Weimar Republic, where political, economic, and cultural equality induced a profound sense of being German at the same time that a resurgent anti-Semitism, which associated Jews with the despised postwar order, helped to maintain Jewish consciousness. German Jews, though divided by differing political preferences, religious orientations, and social status, upheld a sense of their own identity even as they participated to an unprecedented degree in the intellectual and cultural life of the Republic, in its belles letters, film, music, and theatre. This volume also traces the extraordinary flowering of German-Jewish communal, religious, and cultural life in Germany during a period of upheaval and experimentation. This "renaissance of Judaism" persisted and became more tenacious in the face of National Socialist moves to reverse emancipation and "ghettoize" Jewish culture. The institutions and ideas of the 1920s helped Jews to resist Nazi isolation and tyranny through a remarkable commitment to their own communal organizations as well as to the values of both German and Jewish culture. Yet, finally, the process of economic impoverishment, forced emigration, and physical violence during the Nazi era put an end to the rich historical experience of German Jewry. Carefully researched and accessible to general readers, this fourth volume of "German-Jewish History in Modern Times" is an indispensable resource for understanding the complex and immensely fruitful role that German Jews played in the history of Central Europe.

A comprehensive historical survey of the Jewish presence in Central Europe from the seventeenth century to the Holocaust, "German-Jewish History in Modern Times" is a four-volume collective project by a team of leading scholars, offering a vivid portrait of Jewish History. The series is sponsored by the Leo Baeck Institute, established in 1955 in Jerusalem, London, and New York for the purpose of advancing scholarship on the Jews in German-speaking lands. "Emancipation and Acculturation: 1780-1871," the second of four volumes, focuses on a period of fundamental political, economic, and social change that permanently transformed German Jewry. The book begins in the 1780s, with Stefi Jersch-Wenzel's discussion of Christian Wilhelm Dohm's programmatic work, On the Civil Improvement of the Jews, in Prussia, and Hapsburg Emperor Joseph II's toleration edicts, two monumental events that paved the way toward Jewish civil equality. The Jews' emancipation, however, usually depended on their willingness to reeducate themselves as Germans. Michael A. Meyer traces this transformation, revealing it as an act of both political expediency and of personal desire for acculturation. Thus, Jews redefined their identity more narrowly as a religious denomination and eagerly adopted the German language and culture. This volume also explores how Jews dealt with Christianity in German culture and with German Chistianity's insistent denial of Judaism's viability; how they sustained and developed their community in the face of pressure to diminish or abandon Jewish identity; how they adapted their faith to modern sensibilities, creating new forms of Jewish belief and practice; and how leading Jewish writers and intellectuals, like Heinrich Heine and Berthold Auerbach, coped with the ambiguities of expressing Jewishness in Germany. Carefully researched and accessible to general readers, this second volume of "German-Jewish History in Modern Times" is an indispensable resource for understanding the complex process by which Jews became an integral part of the modern world.

Volume offering a guide to and reassessment of Thomas Mann's famous novel. Thomas Mann was the first writer since Goethe to attract a large international audience to stories written in German, bringing German fiction into the mainstream of European literature. His second major work, The Magic Mountain (1924), explores the heady intellectual culture of the chaotic and broken Germany that emerged from the First World War, and, along with the earlier Buddenbrooks, earned him a Nobel Prize for literature in 1929. Mann himself considered The Magic Mountain to be his greatest novel, and few in his own day doubted the preeminence of this modernist classic; however, many have argued that the age of literary modernism has passed. If this is so, how might we best understand Mann's masterpiece now? Topics covered in this volume, which aims to provide both a survey of and new research into important aspects of the work, include Mann's comic vision, his homosexuality, his fraught attitude toward Jews, the place of his novel in the landscape of postmodern life, the theme of solitude, music in the novel, and technology. Stephen D. Dowden is Professor of German at Brandeis University. Contributors: David Blumberg, Michael Brenner, Stephen Dowden, Edward Engelberg, Ulker Goekberk, Eugene Goodheart, Joseph P. Lawrence, Karla Schultz, Susan Sontag, Kenneth Weisinger. Stephen D. Dowden is Professor of German at Brandeis University.

This landmark book is the first comprehensive account of the lives of the Jews who remained in Germany immediately following the war. Gathering never-before-published eyewitness accounts from Holocaust survivors, Michael Brenner presents a remarkable history of this period. While much has been written on the Holocaust itself, until now little has been known about the fate of those survivors who remained in Germany. Jews emerging from concentration camps would learn that most of their families had been murdered and their communities destroyed. Furthermore, all Jews in the country would face the stigma of living, as a 1948 resolution of the World Jewish Congress termed it, on "bloodsoaked German soil." Brenner brings to life the psychological, spiritual, and material obstacles they surmounted as they rebuilt their lives in Germany. At the heart of his narrative is a series of fifteen interviews Brenner conducted with some of the most important witnesses who played an active role in the reconstruction--including presidents of Jewish communities, rabbis, and journalists.

Based on the Yiddish and German press and unpublished archival material, the first part of this book provides a historical introduction to this fascinating topic. Here the author analyzes such diverse aspects as liberation from concentration camps, cultural and religious life among the Jewish Displaced Persons, antisemitism and philosemitism in post-war Germany, and the complex relationship between East European and German Jews. A second part consists of the fifteen interviews, conducted by Brenner, with witnesses representing the diverse background of the postwar Jewish community. While most of them were camp survivors, others returned from exile or came to Germany as soldiers of the Jewish Brigade or with international Jewish aid organizations. A third part, which covers the development of the Jewish community in Germany from the 1950s until today, concludes the book.

This book explores the origins of Zionism within Jewish tradition, the variety of Zionist ideologies, and the political circumstances that fostered this movement. Jewish immigration to Palestine, shifting British policies, Arab reactions to Jewish settlements, and the impact of the Holocaust are among the book's central topics. A final chapter summarises the major problems and achievements of the Jewish state, and examines possible directions for its post-Zionist future.