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There are more than 450 Moshavim settlements and about 270
kibbutzim in Israel. While there is a range of communal and
cooperative kibbutz movements, all with slight ideological
differences, they are all collective rural communities, based on an
ideal to create a social utopian settlement. Placing the kibbutz
within the wider context of utopian social ideals and how they have
historically been physically and architecturally constructed, this
book discusses the form of the 'ideal settlement' as an integral
part and means for realizing a utopian doctrine. It presents an
analysis of physical planning in the kibbutz through the past eight
decades and how changes in ideology are reflected in changes in
layout and aesthetics. In doing so, this book shows how a utopian
settlement organization behaves over time, from their first
appearance in 1920 on, to an examination of the current spatial
layouts and the directions of their expected future development.
There are more than 450 Moshavim settlements and about 270
kibbutzim in Israel. While there is a range of communal and
cooperative kibbutz movements, all with slight ideological
differences, they are all collective rural communities, based on an
ideal to create a social utopian settlement. Placing the kibbutz
within the wider context of utopian social ideals and how they have
historically been physically and architecturally constructed, this
book discusses the form of the 'ideal settlement' as an integral
part and means for realizing a utopian doctrine. It presents an
analysis of physical planning in the kibbutz through the past eight
decades and how changes in ideology are reflected in changes in
layout and aesthetics. In doing so, this book shows how a utopian
settlement organization behaves over time, from their first
appearance in 1920 on, to an examination of the current spatial
layouts and the directions of their expected future development.
Tendentious Historiographies surveys ten Jewish literary works
composed in Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek between the 8th and the
mid-2nd century BCE, and shows that each deals with major problems
of the Jewish populations in the Land of Israel or in the
dispersions. Michael Chyutin provides insightful and at times
surprising explorations of the purpose behind these texts.
Jonah is viewed as a grotesque, a parody of prophetic writing.
Ahiqar preaches the breaking of religious, national and familial
frameworks and supports assimilation into the local society. Esther
calls for Jewish national and familial solidarity and recommends
concealment of religious identity. Daniel preaches individual
observance of the religious precepts. Susannah also advocates
national and religious solidarity. Tobit tells the story of the
founders of the sect of the Therapeutes. Ruth supports the Jews who
did not go into exile in Babylon. The play Exagoge and the romance
Joseph and Aseneth support the Oniad temple in Egypt. Finally,
Judith supports the moderate approach of the Jerusalem priests
against the Hasmoneans' demand for violent struggle.
Tendentious Historiographies surveys ten Jewish literary works
composed in Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek between the 8th and the
mid-2nd century BCE, and shows that each deals with major problems
of the Jewish populations in the Land of Israel or in the
dispersions. Michael Chyutin provides insightful and at times
surprising explorations of the purpose behind these texts. Jonah is
viewed as a grotesque, a parody of prophetic writing. Ahiqar
preaches the breaking of religious, national and familial
frameworks and supports assimilation into the local society. Esther
calls for Jewish national and familial solidarity and recommends
concealment of religious identity. Daniel preaches individual
observance of the religious precepts. Susannah also advocates
national and religious solidarity. Tobit tells the story of the
founders of the sect of the Therapeutes. Ruth supports the Jews who
did not go into exile in Babylon. The play Exagoge and the romance
Joseph and Aseneth support the Oniad temple in Egypt. Finally,
Judith supports the moderate approach of the Jerusalem priests
against the Hasmoneans' demand for violent struggle.
This book proposes a new reconstruction of the Temple, which
differs from conventional descriptions in Jewish literary sources
during the First and Second Temple eras. Individual descriptions of
the Temple are examined independently and the influence of earlier
descriptions on subsequent ones is considered. Detailed
architectural diagrams and three-dimensional models accompany the
different reconstructions of the temple. Michael Chyutin examines
the descriptions of the Meeting-Tent Tabernacle Temple, the
descriptions of Solomon's Temple according to "1 Kings and 2
Chronicles", descriptions of Ezekiel's temple and its courtyards,
the Temple and courtyards described in the Temple Scroll, the
Second Temple according to Josephus Flavius and other sources, and
the Temple as described in the Midoth Tractate. Descriptions of
regional planning and the Temple City according to Ezekiel and the
New Jerusalem Scroll are also examined. The final chapter examines
architectural characteristics common to all of the descriptions,
with the aim of identifying a unique architectural theory.
This study presents the first comprehensive reconstruction of the
'New Jerusalem' Scroll from the Dead Sea, through integration of
all the known fragments into a single entity. Secret ceremonies in
the temple are discussed; an architectural reconstruction of the
elements described in the scroll is presented, accompanied by
computerized plans; a consideration of the tradition of planning
the ideal city leads to an examination of the use of metrology,
mathematics; and a number mysticism in the plan of the 'New
Jerusalem'. A comparison is also made with the traditions of
building orthogonal cities in Egypt, Greece, Rome and the Holy
Land, as manifested in archaeological findings.>
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Loot
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Nadine Gordimer
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R398
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Discovery Miles 3 300
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