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Winner of the 2019 NUI Publication Prize in Irish History. This
book is the first comprehensive history of the anti-diphtheria
campaign and the factors which facilitated or hindered the rollout
of the national childhood immunization programme in Ireland. It is
easy to forget the context in which Irish society opted to embrace
mass childhood immunization. Dwyer shows us how we got where we
are. He restores Diphtheria's reputation as one of the most
prolific child-killers of nineteenth and early twentieth-century
Ireland and explores the factors which allowed the disease to take
a heavy toll on child health and life-expectancy. Public health
officials in the fledgling Irish Free State set the eradication of
diphtheria among their first national goals, and eschewing the
reticence of their British counterparts, adopted anti-diphtheria
immunization as their weapon of choice. An unofficial alliance
between Irish medical officers and the British pharmaceutical
company Burroughs Wellcome placed Ireland on the European frontline
of the bacteriological revolution, however, Wellcome sponsored
vaccine trials in Ireland side-lined the human rights of Ireland's
most vulnerable citizens: institutional children in state care. An
immunization accident in County Waterford, and the death of a young
girl, raised serious questions regarding the safety of the
immunization process itself, resulting in a landmark High Court
case and the Irish Medical Union's twelve-year long withdrawal of
immunization services. As childhood immunization is increasingly
considered a lifestyle choice, rather than a lifesaving
intervention, this book brings historical context to bear on
current debate.
The texts gathered in this volume embrace women artists-only
exhibitions, festivals, collective art projects, groups and
associations, organised in the long 1970s in Europe (1968-1984).
These all-women art initiatives are closely related to developments
within the political and politicized women's movement in Europe and
America but what emerges is the varied and plural manner of their
engagements with feminism(s) alongside their creation of
`heterotopias' in relation to specific sites/ politics/
collaborative art practices. This book presents examples from
Italy, Spain, UK, Portugal, Austria, Poland, Denmark, Germany (East
and West), The Netherlands, France and Sweden. While each chapter
is largely devoted to one country, the authors point to how the
local and specific political situation in which these initiatives
emerged is linked to global tendencies as well as inter-European
exchanges. Each chapter of this book thus assesses the impact of
travelling views of feminism, by considering connections made
between women artists (often when travelling abroad) or their
knowledge of art practices from abroad. Distinct and highly varied
attitudes towards political activism (from strong engagement to a
clearly pronounced distance and even hostility) are shown in each
essay and, what is more, they are shown as based on radically
different premises about feminism, politics and art.
Winner of the 2019 NUI Publication Prize in Irish History. This
book is the first comprehensive history of the anti-diphtheria
campaign and the factors which facilitated or hindered the rollout
of the national childhood immunization programme in Ireland. It is
easy to forget the context in which Irish society opted to embrace
mass childhood immunization. Dwyer shows us how we got where we
are. He restores Diphtheria's reputation as one of the most
prolific child-killers of nineteenth and early twentieth-century
Ireland and explores the factors which allowed the disease to take
a heavy toll on child health and life-expectancy. Public health
officials in the fledgling Irish Free State set the eradication of
diphtheria among their first national goals, and eschewing the
reticence of their British counterparts, adopted anti-diphtheria
immunization as their weapon of choice. An unofficial alliance
between Irish medical officers and the British pharmaceutical
company Burroughs Wellcome placed Ireland on the European frontline
of the bacteriological revolution, however, Wellcome sponsored
vaccine trials in Ireland side-lined the human rights of Ireland's
most vulnerable citizens: institutional children in state care. An
immunization accident in County Waterford, and the death of a young
girl, raised serious questions regarding the safety of the
immunization process itself, resulting in a landmark High Court
case and the Irish Medical Union's twelve-year long withdrawal of
immunization services. As childhood immunization is increasingly
considered a lifestyle choice, rather than a lifesaving
intervention, this book brings historical context to bear on
current debate.
As we approach twenty years since the end of the 1980s, we have the
opportunity to see the decade in perspective, and are in a position
to question the glib assumption that the 1980s were a mere
conservative foil to the 1960s. The 1980s: A Critical and
Transitional Decade, edited by Kimberly R. Moffitt and Duncan A.
Campbell, places its topics within the context of a decade
described as both critical and transitional because the 1980s, in
many respects, marked the end of one era and the beginning of
another. For example, the Reagan presidency, the end of the Cold
War, MTV, and the appearance of the personal computer all reflect a
legacy of political, cultural, and social transformation of the
United States and the world, and took place specifically within the
1980s. The function of this interdisciplinary volume is not to
simply highlight the significant phenomena of the period, but
rather demonstrate how so many apparently disparate events were, in
fact, closely inter-related and also products of their age. The
1980s is a holistic analysis of the decade that focuses on major
turning points, developments in literature, art, entertainment,
politics, and social experimentation. The 1980s: A Critical and
Transitional Decade, edited by Kimberly R. Moffitt and Duncan A.
Campbell is a groundbreaking and stand-alone introductory volume
that is unapologetically interdisciplinary in nature and encourages
students to explore topics of the decade often overlooked or
grouped together with other, more memorable decades such as the
1920s or 1960s.
As we approach twenty years since the end of the 1980s, we have the
opportunity to see the decade in perspective, and are in a position
to question the glib assumption that the 1980s were a mere
conservative foil to the 1960s. The 1980s: A Critical and
Transitional Decade, edited by Kimberly R. Moffitt and Duncan A.
Campbell, places its topics within the context of a decade
described as both critical and transitional because the 1980s, in
many respects, marked the end of one era and the beginning of
another. For example, the Reagan presidency, the end of the Cold
War, MTV, and the appearance of the personal computer all reflect a
legacy of political, cultural, and social transformation of the
United States and the world, and took place specifically within the
1980s. The function of this interdisciplinary volume is not to
simply highlight the significant phenomena of the period, but
rather demonstrate how so many apparently disparate events were, in
fact, closely inter-related and also products of their age. The
1980s is a holistic analysis of the decade that focuses on major
turning points, developments in literature, art, entertainment,
politics, and social experimentation. The 1980s: A Critical and
Transitional Decade, edited by Kimberly R. Moffitt and Duncan A.
Campbell is a groundbreaking and stand-alone introductory volume
that is unapologetically interdisciplinary in nature and encourages
students to explore topics of the decade often overlooked or
grouped together with other, more memorable decades such as the
1920s or 1960s.
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