Uncertain Risks Regulated compares various models of risk regulation in order to understand how these systems shape the relationship between law and science, and how they attempt to overcome public distrust in science-based decision-making. The book contributes to the ongoing debate relating to uncertainty and risks - and the difficulties faced by the European Union in particular - in regulating theses issues, taking account of both national and international constraints. The term 'uncertain risk' is comparable with notions of hazard and indeterminate risk, as deployed within the social sciences; but it also aims to capture the modern regulatory reality that a non-quantifiable hazard must still be addressed by society, law and its regulators. Decisions must be taken in the face of uncertainty. And, whilst it is not possible to provide clear cut models of risk regulation, in focusing on regulatory practices at a national, EU and international level, the contributors to this volume aim to use fact finding as a core instrument of learning for risk regulation.

This book examines the heritage of Victor Shklovsky in a variety of disciplines. To achieve this end, Slav N. Gratchev and Howard Mancing draw upon colleagues from eight different countries across the world-the United States, Canada, Russia, England, Scotland, the Netherlands, Norway, and China-in order to bring the widest variety of points of view on the subject. Viktor Shklovsky's Heritage in Literature, Arts, and Philosophy is more than just another collection of essays of literary criticism: the editors invited scholars from different disciplines-literature, cinematography, and philosophy-who have dealt with Shklovsky's heritage and saw its practical application in their fields. Therefore, all of these essays are written in a variety of humanist academic and scholarly styles, all engaging and dynamic.

Business networks consist of several independent businesses that enter into interrelated contracts, conferring on the parties many of the benefits of co-ordination achieved through vertical integration in a single firm, without creating a single integrated business such as a corporation or partnership. Retail franchises are one such example of a network, but the most common instance is a credit card transaction between a customer, retailer, and the issuer of the card. How should the law analyse this hybrid economic phenomenon? It is neither exactly a market relationship - because that overlooks the co-ordination, relational qualities and interdependence of the contracts - nor is it a type of business association or company, since it lacks a centralised co-ordinating authority that receives the residual profits. This book is a translation of Gunther Teubner's classic work on networks, setting out his novel legal concept of 'connected contracts'. In it he explains how this concept addresses the problems posed by networks, such as the question whether the network as a whole can be held legally responsible for damage that it causes to third parties such as customers. A substantial introduction by Hugh Collins explains the analysis of networks in the context of German law and the systems theory from which Teubner approaches the topic. The introduction also explores how far the concept of connected contracts might assist in the common law world, including the UK and the USA, to address the same problems that arise in cases involving networks. As well as making a contribution to comparative law and legal theory, the book will be of interest to scholars interested in contract law, commercial law and the law of business associations.

The trade conflicts that the EU has faced within the EU or WTO context demonstrate that the question of how to balance trade and other societal values in situations of uncertainty has not been solved by the regulatory model evolved by the EU in the aftermath of the BSE crisis - one which privileges processes of depoliticisation and scientification. This book addresses the current key dilemmas around science, law and the regulation of trade, both on a regime level and in the context of particular industrial sectors, e.g pharmaceuticals, climate change and nanotechnology. It will present possible future research avenues by looking at both theory and practice and learning from various disciplines (law and social sciences), legal realities (WTO, USA and EU) and actors (regulators, stakeholders, courts).

The trade conflicts that the EU has faced within the EU or WTO context demonstrate that the question of how to balance trade and other societal values in situations of uncertainty has not been solved by the regulatory model evolved by the EU in the aftermath of the BSE crisis - one which privileges processes of depoliticisation and scientification. This book addresses the current key dilemmas around science, law and the regulation of trade, both on a regime level and in the context of particular industrial sectors, e.g pharmaceuticals, climate change and nanotechnology. It will present possible future research avenues by looking at both theory and practice and learning from various disciplines (law and social sciences), legal realities (WTO, USA and EU) and actors (regulators, stakeholders, courts).

Uncertain Risks Regulated compares various models of risk regulation in order to understand how these systems shape the relationship between law and science, and how they attempt to overcome public distrust in science-based decision-making. The book contributes to the ongoing debate relating to uncertainty and risks - and the difficulties faced by the European Union in particular - in regulating theses issues, taking account of both national and international constraints. The term 'uncertain risk' is comparable with notions of hazard and indeterminate risk, as deployed within the social sciences; but it also aims to capture the modern regulatory reality that a non-quantifiable hazard must still be addressed by society, law and its regulators. Decisions must be taken in the face of uncertainty. And, whilst it is not possible to provide clear cut models of risk regulation, in focusing on regulatory practices at a national, EU and international level, the contributors to this volume aim to use fact finding as a core instrument of learning for risk regulation.

An original and innovative recasting of constitutionalism, written by acknowledged experts in the field, this empirically grounded and theoretically informed volume addresses the strategies and philosophies that judges and lawyers bring to bear when creating European constitutional jurisprudence; investigating and promoting promotes the sustainability of a theory or praxis of 'procedural' constitutionalism. Building upon European and American critical legal scholarship, Michelle Everson and Julia Eisner argue that constitutional adjudication has never been the neutral matter of a mere judicial 'identification' of the values, norms and procedures that each society seeks to concretise in its own body of constitutional law. Instead, a 'mythology' of comprehensive national constitutional settlement has obscured the primary legal constitutional conundrum that is created by the requirement that a judiciary must always adapt its constitutional jurisprudence to the evolving values that are to be found within any society; but must always, also, maintain the integrity and autonomy of the law itself. European judges and lawyers, having been denied recourse to all forms of constitutional mythology, provide us with an alternative model of constitutionalism; one that does not require a founding myth of constitutional settlement, and one which both secures the autonomy of law, as well as ensures dialogue between law and society. This occurs, however, not through grand theories of 'constitutional adjudication' but, as The Making of a European Constitution documents, rather through a practical process.

The seventh volume in the acclaimed paperback series . . . the only county series that can legitimately claim to represent the past and present of a nation.

Contributions by
Catherine Brace, Brian Elvins, Michael Everson, Jim Hall, John Hurst, Patrick Laviolette, Jon Mills, William A. Morris, Philip Payton, Ronald Perry, Sharron P. Schwartz, Garry Tregidga and Nicholas Williams

This book aims to examine the heritage of Victor Shklovsky in a variety of disciplines. To achieve this end, we drew upon colleagues from eight different countries across the world - USA, Canada, Russia, England, Scotland, the Netherlands, Norway, and Hong Kong - in order to bring the widest variety of points of view on the subject. But we also wanted this book to be more than just another collection of essays of literary criticism: we invited scholars from different disciplines - literature, cinematography, and philosophy - who have dealt with Shklovsky's heritage and saw its practical application in their fields. Therefore, all these essays are written in a variety of humanist academic and scholarly styles, all engaging and dynamic.

Esperanto, the most widely-spoken constructed international auxiliary language, was the creation of Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof, who first published it in 1887. Today Esperanto is estimated to have between 100,000 and 2,000,000 speakers worldwide. The most complete Esperanto dictionary is the "Plena Ilustrita Vortaro," which is available both online and in printed format; but since the PIV is entirely in Esperanto, the need for a modern Esperanto-to-English dictionary remains keen for many Esperantists. Paul Denisowski's "Esperanto-English Dictionary" can help fill a part of that need, on the basis of its sheer size alone, with more than 52,000 headwords. This extensive dictionary was compiled both from existing glossaries and from glossaries prepared by Denisowski himself, and it contains many words not usually found in smaller dictionaries, including an abundance of scientific terms, especially from the fields of medicine and mathematics. It is hoped that the publication of this dictionary will assist a new generation of Esperanto learners in their enjoyment of this unique language. -- Esperanto, la plej vaste parolata internacia planlingvo, estis la krea o de Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof, kiu unue publikigis in en 1887. Hodia Esperanto la takse havas inter 100.000 is 2.000.000 da parolantoj tutmonde. La plej kompleta Esperanta vortaro estas la "Plena Ilustrita Vortaro," kiu estas disponebla amba rete kaj en presita formato, sed ar la PIV estas tute en Esperanto, la bezono por moderna Esperanta-angla vortaro restas akra por multaj esperantistoj. La "Esperanta-Angla Vortaro" de Paul Denisowski eble helpas plenigi parton de tiu bezono, almena surbaze de sia grandega amplekso, kun pli ol 52.000 kapvortoj. i tiu vasta vortaro estis kompilita uzante jam ekzistantajn glosarojn kaj anka multajn glosarojn, kiujn Denisowksi mem preparis, kaj i enhavas multe da vortoj malofte trovitaj en pli malgrandaj vortaroj, inkluzive de granda nombro da sciencaj terminoj, precipe el la fakoj de medicino kaj matematiko. Oni esperas ke la eldonado de i tiu vortaro helpos novan generacion de Esperantolernantoj en ilia uado de i tiu unika lingvo.

The two tales in this book are both responses to Lewis Carroll's Wonderland, aimed at instilling an interest in grammar in young and recalcitrant readers. Audrey Mayhew Allen wrote "Gladys in Grammarland" in 1897. In this story, Gladys becomes sleepy after class and finds that a Verb Fairy has taken an interest in her education. Louise Franklin Bache's charming play "Alice in Grammarland" was written in 1923 for "Better Speech Week" and was published in "Junior Red Cross News" in that year. In it, Carroll's Alice returns to meet old friends the Mad Hatter and the White Rabbit, together with the King and Queen of Grammarland.