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Since 1992 the Department of Defense (DOD), through the U.S. Army
Medical Research and Material Command, has received congressionally
earmarked appropriations for programs of biomedical research on
prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer; neurofibromatosis; tuberous
sclerosis; and other health problems. Appropriations for these
Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs are used to
support peer reviewed extramural research project, training, and
infrastructure grants. Congress has become concerned about funding
increases for these programs given current demands on the military
budget. At the request of Congress, the Institute of Medicine (IOM)
examined possibilities of augmenting program funding from
alternative sources. The resulting IOM book, Strategies to Leverage
Research Funding: Guiding DODa (TM)s Peer Reviewed Medical Research
Programs, focuses on nonfederal and private sector contributions
that could extend the appropriated funds without biasing the peer
review project selection process.
A nuclear attack on a large U.S. city by terrorists-even with a
low-yield improvised nuclear device (IND) of 10 kilotons or
less-would cause a large number of deaths and severe injuries. The
large number of injured from the detonation and radioactive fallout
that would follow would be overwhelming for local emergency
response and health care systems to rescue and treat, even assuming
that these systems and their personnel were not themselves
incapacitated by the event. The United States has been struggling
for some time to address and plan for the threat of nuclear
terrorism and other weapons of mass destruction that terrorists
might obtain and use. The Department of Homeland Security recently
contracted with the Institute of Medicine to hold a workshop,
summarized in this volume, to assess medical preparedness for a
nuclear detonation of up to 10 kilotons. This book provides a
candid and sobering look at our current state of preparedness for
an IND, and identifies several key areas in which we might begin to
focus our national efforts in a way that will improve the overall
level of preparedness. Table of Contents Front Matter Workshop
Report Appendix A: Workshop Agendas Appendix B: Registered Workshop
Attendees Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Workshop Speakers
and Panelists Appendix D: Biographical Sketches of Committee
Members, Consultant, and Staff
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