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Between the 1870s and the 1930s competing European powers carved
out and consolidated colonies in Melanesia, the most culturally
diverse region of the world. As part of this process, great
assemblages of ethnographic artefacts were made by a range of
collectors whose diversity is captured in this volume. The
contributors to this tightly-integrated volume take these
collectors, and the collecting institutions, as the departure point
for accounts that look back at the artefact-producing societies and
their interaction with the collectors, but also forward to the fate
of the collections in metropolitan museums, as the artefacts have
been variously exhibited, neglected, re-conceived as indigenous
heritage, or repatriated. In doing this, the contributors raise
issues of current interest in anthropology, Pacific history, art
history, museology, and material culture.
." . . a most welcome book . . . Reading this book should
irrevocably change how one looks at an ethnographic exhibit . . .
These wide-ranging articles . . . augment our understanding of
museums and their objects . . . Overall, this is a rich collection
of essays, brimming with data and, for the most part, cogently
analysed." . JRAI Between the 1870s and the 1930s competing
European powers carved out and consolidated colonies in Melanesia,
the most culturally diverse region of the world. As part of this
process, great assemblages of ethnographic artefacts were made by a
range of collectors whose diversity is captured in this volume. The
contributors to this tightly-integrated volume take these
collectors, and the collecting institutions, as the departure point
for accounts that look back at the artefact-producing societies and
their interaction with the collectors, but also forward to the fate
of the collections in metropolitan museums, as the artefacts have
been variously exhibited, neglected, re-conceived as indigenous
heritage, or repatriated. In doing this, the contributors raise
issues of current interest in anthropology, Pacific history, art
history, museology, and material culture. Michael O'Hanlon is
Director of the Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford. Robert L.
Welsch teaches at the Department of Anthropology, Dartmouth, New
Hampshire."
An informed modern plan for post-2020 American foreign policy that
avoids the opposing dangers of retrenchment and overextension "A
masterful examination of past American grand strategy and foreign
policies. A compelling, thoughtful, and thought-provoking proposal
of a new grand strategy by one of America's foremost writers and
thinkers on U.S. defense, foreign policy, and geopolitics."
-General David Petraeus, U.S. Army (Ret.) Russia and China are both
believed to have "grand strategies"-detailed sets of national
security goals backed by means, and plans, to pursue them. In the
United States, policymakers have tried to articulate similar
concepts but have failed to reach a widespread consensus since the
Cold War ended. While the United States has been the world's
prominent superpower for over a generation, much American thinking
has oscillated between the extremes of isolationist agendas versus
interventionist and overly assertive ones. Drawing on historical
precedents and weighing issues such as Russia's resurgence, China's
great rise, North Korea's nuclear machinations, and Middle East
turmoil, Michael O'Hanlon presents a well-researched, ethically
sound, and politically viable vision for American national security
policy. He also proposes complementing the Pentagon's set of "4+1"
pre-existing threats with a new "4+1": biological, nuclear,
digital, climatic, and internal dangers.
An informed modern plan for post-2020 American foreign policy that
avoids the opposing dangers of retrenchment and overextension “A
masterful examination of past American grand strategy and foreign
policies. A compelling, thoughtful, and thought-provoking proposal
of a new grand strategy by one of America’s foremost writers and
thinkers on U.S. defense, foreign policy, and
geopolitics.â€Â —General David Petraeus, U.S. Army (Ret.)
Russia and China are both believed to have “grand
strategiesâ€â€”detailed sets of national security goals backed by
means, and plans, to pursue them. In the United States,
policymakers have tried to articulate similar concepts but have
failed to reach a widespread consensus since the Cold War ended.
While the United States has been the world’s prominent superpower
for over a generation, much American thinking has oscillated
between the extremes of isolationist agendas versus interventionist
and overly assertive ones. Â Â Drawing on historical
precedents and weighing issues such as Russia’s resurgence,
China’s great rise, North Korea’s nuclear machinations, and
Middle East turmoil, Michael O’Hanlon presents a
well‑researched, ethically sound, and politically viable vision
for American national security policy. He also proposes
complementing the Pentagon’s set of “4+1†pre‑existing
threats with a new “4+1â€: biological, nuclear, digital,
climatic, and internal dangers.
The tragic conclusion to the war in Afghanistan - America's longest
and one of its most frustrating - serves as a reminder that the
United States too often is at war, and sometimes fails to achieve
its short-term or long-term aims. In this timely book, esteemed
military expert Michael O'Hanlon examines America's major conflicts
since the mid-1800s: the Civil War, the two World Wars, Korea,
Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan. In this new, concise book, he
addresses profound questions. How successful has the United States
been when it waged these wars? Were the wars avoidable? Did
America's leaders know what they were getting into when they
committed to war? And what lessons does history offer for future
leaders contemplating war -including the prospects for avoiding war
in the first place. The book does not tell stories at the ground
level -the day-to-day tactics and human bravery and perseverance
that since ancient times have made warfare so tragically
fascinating. Instead, the book presents America's major wars on a
conceptual level, focusing on strategies, key decisions, innovative
technologies and the dynamics that shaped their outcomes. O'Hanlon
looks for overarching trends and themes, along with the lessons for
the military strategists and political leaders of today and
tomorrow. O'Hanlon's unique book - combining brevity and clarity
with a broad conceptual approach -is an important one for students
of security studies at universities and war colleges as well as
generalist policymakers.
This collection examines the theory, practice, and application of
state neutrality in international relations. With a focus on its
modern-day applications, the studies in this volume analyze the
global implications of permanent neutrality for Taiwan, Russia,
Ukraine, the European Union, and the United States. Exploring
permanent neutrality's role as a realist security model capable of
rivaling collective security, the authors argue that permanent
neutrality has the potential to decrease major security dilemmas on
the global stage.
Drawing on ethnographic case studies from Amazonia, Indonesia,
Africa, Melanesia and Polynesia, this text shows how bodily
presentation plays a fundamental role in contemporary identity
politics in tension with encompassing national and global
stereotypes, which may in turn both constrain and empower local
traditions.
What happens to body arts when these aesthetic practices assume
fresh significance in the context of modernity? In many parts of
the indigenous world, the realm of body arts has become an arena
for innovation, debate, revival and repression under the conditions
of modernity. Among some groups, formerly suppressed 'traditions'
of body arts have recently been revived. Elsewhere, body arts have
been the means for creating or renovating identities in response to
a developing international tourist market and in the light of novel
technologies of representation, such as photography and film. The
contributions to this volume draw together ideas emerging from the
anthropology of the body, the western interest in body
ornamentation of the 'Other', and the recent revival of specific
body arts such as tattooing and piercing. Drawing on ethnographic
case studies from Amazonia, Indonesia, Africa, Melanesia and
Polynesia, this volume shows how bodily presentation plays a
fundamental role in contemporary identity politics in tension with
encompassing national and global stereotypes, which may in turn
both constrain and empower local traditions.
This volume offers original new anthropological perspectives on landscape, a topic of emerging interest not only for anthropologists but also for geographers, art historians, and archaeologists. It is proposed that landscape be conceptualized as a cultural process, one situated between "place" and "space". An art historian and nine noted anthropologists exemplify this perspective, drawing on various case studies from around the world, taking in modern and traditional societies in the present and the past.
This study begins with a set of strategic assumptions--most notably
that the risks of U.S.-Russian war are and will remain extremely
low and that the U.S. military remains a stabilizing influence in
many geographic theaters. O'Hanlon then shows that the United
States' interests in the Third World, while nowhere truly vital,
are sufficiently important to justify a measured degree of global
military presence and engagement. Historical, political, and
military analysis suggests that these interests can be protected
efficiently and effectively with a U.S. military reduced in size by
roughly 40 to 50 percent in most types of major combat forces, and
by 95 percent in nuclear forces. In the realm of conventional
forces, these cuts would be about twice as deep as those planned by
Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney; in the nuclear realm they
would be much deeper than those approved by the Bush
administration. By contrast, analysis suggests that U.S.
capabilities should be largely held constant--or in some cases even
expanded--in logistics, intelligence and communications, R&D,
and special forces. The resulting force posture would cost about
$200 billion in 1991 dollars through the early years of the next
century, and perhaps $230 billion annually thereafter. O'Hanlon's
is one of the first in-depth studies of how the U.S. military might
be reconfigured for the post-Cold War world. This study will prove
useful for defense policy makers at the specialized levels and for
students of the guns vs. butter policy issues and debates.
This collection examines the theory, practice, and application of
state neutrality in international relations. With a focus on its
modern-day applications, the studies in this volume analyze the
global implications of permanent neutrality for Taiwan, Russia,
Ukraine, the European Union, and the United States. Exploring
permanent neutrality's role as a realist security model capable of
rivaling collective security, the authors argue that permanent
neutrality has the potential to decrease major security dilemmas on
the global stage.
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