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Procedures for extracting or refining sensitive substances using
dense gases have been developed for numerous purposes. Dense carbon
dioxide is already being used industrially for decaffeination of
coffee and extraction of hops. Further possible applications have
been tested on the laboratory or pilot plant scales and shown to be
mostly economical. Uses as varied as the non-aggressive extraction
of spice, extraction of polymers, refining of spent oil,
pyrolysis/extraction of wood and liquefaction of coal show the
extremely wide range of application. The book comprehensively
reviews the present state of development and features examples of
application of this new technique.
The book treats the C -hydrocarbons and their secondary products as
a contribution 4 to chemical engineering economics, applying this
field of teaching and research to the technical processes for
making and processing this group of products, so important to the
chemical industry. As early as tpe 1950s the then director of the
Institute for Technical Chemistry of the Berlin Technical
University, Professor Herbert Kolbel, took the' initiative in the
domain of Chemical Engineering Economics and began systematic
studies of Project Engineering and Cost Estimation in connection
with chemical plants. He also started a course on technical
chemical processes in 1966. Properties, production procedures,
plant equipment, and also the uses of technically interesting
products are the central features of Chemical Technology. The
information is to be found in the large encyclopedias of Technical
Chemistry. On the other hand, Chemical Engineering Economics deals
with all the economic conditions of usage of the raw materials,
possibilities of utilizing co-products, and the integration of
these products into definite production programmes, from the stand
point of the chemical and technical fundamentals of the processes.
Further important viewpoints are the costs of the products, taking
into consideration important and variable influences on these
costs, the situation and development of the market for the products
and, of increasing significance, also the ecological global
conditions for procuring raw materials and the production and
marketing of the particular products."
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