Fuzzy controllers are a class of knowledge based controllers using artificial intelligence techniques with origins in fuzzy logic. They can be found either as stand-alone control elements or as integral parts of distributed control systems including conventional controllers in a wide range of industrial process control systems and consumer products. Applications of fuzzy controllers have become a well established practice for Japanese manufacturers of control equipment and systems, and are becoming more and more common in Europe and America. The main aim of this book is to show that fuzzy control is not totally ad hoc, that there exist formal techniques for the analysis of a fuzzy controller, and that fuzzy control can be implemented even when no expert knowledge is available. Thus the book is mainly oriented toward control engineers and theorists, although parts can be read without any knowledge of control theory and may be of interest to Al people. This 2nd, revised edition incorporates suggestions from numerous reviewers and updates and reorganizes some of the material.

Fuzzy controllers are a class of knowledge based controllers using artificial intelligence techniques with origins in fuzzy logic. They can be found either as stand-alone control elements or as integral parts of a wide range of industrial process control systems and consumer products. Applications of fuzzy controllers are an established practice for Japanese manufacturers, and are spreading in Europe and America. The main aim of this book is to show that fuzzy control is not totally ad hoc, that there exist formal techniques for the analysis of a fuzzy controller, and that fuzzy control can be implemented even when no expert knowledge is available. The book is mainly oriented to control engineers and theorists, although parts can be read without any knowledge of control theory and may interest AI people. This 2nd, revised edition incorporates suggestions from numerous reviewers and updates and reorganizes some of the material.

The Truth Maintenance Workshop was held in August 1990 during the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Stockholm, Sweden. Ten selected papers, eight of them presented at the workshop, are included in this volume. The papers can be grouped into four main areas: - Meta-level control: the goal here is to specify some meta-criteria to control the behavior of the TMS. - Extensions of TMS: here the aim is to incorporate new mechanisms into TMS-like systems. - Foundations: there is now much interest in providing formal descriptions of TMS, proving results about them, and relating them with other non-monotonic formalisms. - Belief revision: TMS can be considered as providing support to manage the more general problem of belief revision.

This volume contains revised and extended versions of the papers presented at the Second International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning, held in Grassau (FRG), June 13-15, 1988. The workshop brought together researchers with different backgrounds, including non-monotonic logic, logic programming, truth maintenance and philosophy. Their papers contain substantial advances to the logical foundations of non-monotonic reasoning, its computational realization, and its application to the formalization of common sense reasoning. The book presents a snapshot of the state of the art in this research area, and provides in-depth discussions of current problems and approaches.