As the use of human body parts has become increasingly commercialized, a need has arisen for new approaches to regulation that moves beyond the paradigm of altruism. During the course of this discussion, the notion of property has become a key concept. Focusing on practical and conceptual perspectives, the multidisciplinary group of authors, which includes specialists in philosophy, law, sociology, biology and medicine, have come together with practicing lawyers to consider both legal provisions and patterns of regulation in countries across Europe. Identifying divergences between different legal traditions, the authors explore various conceptual models which could be used to improve and to guide policy making. With this twin focus on practical and conceptual perspectives, this volume sets the standard for a detailed and innovative discussion of issues surrounding the regulation of research on human tissue.

As the use of human body parts has become increasingly commercialized, a need has arisen for new approaches to regulation that moves beyond the paradigm of altruism. During the course of this discussion, the notion of property has become a key concept. Focusing on practical and conceptual perspectives, the multidisciplinary group of authors, which includes specialists in philosophy, law, sociology, biology and medicine, have come together with practicing lawyers to consider both legal provisions and patterns of regulation in countries across Europe. Identifying divergences between different legal traditions, the authors explore various conceptual models which could be used to improve and to guide policy making. With this twin focus on practical and conceptual perspectives, this volume sets the standard for a detailed and innovative discussion of issues surrounding the regulation of research on human tissue.

This study demonstrates that Nietzsche developed a consistent and complete concept of ethics. It comprises a theory of action, a determination of the concept of good and the application to individual behaviours in the sense of the contextuality of ethics. The authora (TM)s reconstruction is centred less on individual works than on their systematic interconnection. For Nietzsche, autonomy remains undefined without the reference to an action goal in the sense of the good. The comparison with Plato shows that he takes up a position from the ethics of antiquity. At the same time, Nietzsche is not simply trying to delineate himself from modern concepts of morality. He is concerned with a hermeneutic reflection on the sense that moral demands have for the self. In contrast to the present-day debate on concepts of the aesthetic art of living which cite Nietzsche as their alleged model, Nietzsche is shown in this study to be a genuinely ethical thinker.

A provocative approach to the possibility of philosophical ethics, this study argues that all moral positions and theories are bound to fail. Using the dialectical tensions inherent to competing moral claims as his starting point, Michael Steinmann explains what he terms the "failure of morality" both in classical and contemporary positions. As moral claims lead in various ways to contradictions, the history of morality presents itself as an endless series of controversies. By using dialectical thinking, which has gone out of favour in current philosophy, Steinmann shows how we can capture the limitations of moral theories in a more holistic way. Without embracing skepticism about moral claims, a non-naturalistic and non-relativistic understanding of the good emerges as the fundamental notion of moral thought. Reframing Ethics Through Dialectics reinvigorates the classical notion of "the absolute good" as a fruitful conceptual structure through which to understand competing moral claims, without simply reproducing neo-Aristotelian literature on the good life. From the perspective of the good, the study allows us to take non-traditional theories more seriously, making space for moral philosophy to acknowledge and embrace the contradictions that all positions incur.

Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2003 im Fachbereich Informatik - IT-Security, Note: 2, Hochschule Bremen, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Investitionsentscheidungen durch dynamische Rechenverfahren zu fundieren, das gehort zum Muss" eines modernen Managements. Dabei geht man vielfach davon aus, dass die Exaktheit der mathematischen Formulierung auch zu ebensolchen Ergebnissen fuhrt. Hier wird jedoch ignoriert, dass die Handlungsempfehlungen an bestimmte Bedingungen (Pramissen) geknupft sind. Diese aber sind in der Praxis zumeist nicht erfullt. Um nun dennoch verlassliche Resultate zu bekommen mussen die Modelle entsprechend modifiziert wer