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If history matters for understanding key development outcomes then
surely historians should be active contributors to the debates
informing these understandings. This volume integrates, for the
first time, contributions from ten leading historians and seven
policy advisors around the central development issues of social
protection, public health, public education and natural resource
management. How did certain ideas, and not others, gain traction in
shaping particular policy responses? How did the content and
effectiveness of these responses vary across different countries,
and indeed within them? Achieving this is not merely a matter of
seeking to 'know more' about specific times, places and issues, but
recognising the distinctive ways in which historians rigorously
assemble, analyse and interpret diverse forms of evidence. This
book will appeal to students and scholars in development studies,
history, international relations, politics and geography as well as
policy makers and those working for or studying NGOs. -- .
This pathbreaking book analyzes a highly successful participatory
development program in Indonesia, exploring its distinctive origins
and design principles and its impacts on local conflict dynamics
and social institutions.
Although the academic study of development is well established, as
is also its policy implementation, less considered are the broader,
more popular understandings of development that often shape agendas
and priorities, particularly in representative democracies. Through
its accessible and provocative chapters, Popular Representations of
Development introduces the idea that while the issue of
'development' - defined broadly as problems of poverty and social
deprivation, and the various agencies and processes seeking to
address these - is normally one that is discussed by social
scientists and policy makers, it also has a wider 'popular'
dimension. Development is something that can be understood through
studying literature, films, and other non-conventional forms of
representation. It is also a public issue, one that has
historically been associated with musical movements such as Live
Aid and increasingly features in newer media such as blogs and
social networking. The book connects the effort to build a more
holistic understanding of development issues with an exploration of
the diverse public sphere in which popular engagement with
development takes place. This book gives students of development
studies, media studies and geography as well as students in the
humanities engaging with global development issues a variety of
perspectives from different disciplines to open up this new field
for discussion.
This book seeks to narrow two gaps: first, between the widespread
use of case studies and their frequently 'loose' methodological
moorings; and second, between the scholarly community advancing
methodological frontiers in case study research and the users of
case studies in development policy and practice. It draws on the
contributors' collective experience at this nexus, but the
underlying issues are more broadly relevant to case study
researchers and practitioners in all fields. How does one prepare a
rigorous case study? When can causal inferences reasonably be drawn
from a single case? When and how can policy-makers reasonably
presume that a demonstrably successful intervention in one context
might generate similarly impressive outcomes elsewhere, or if
massively 'scaled up'? No matter their different starting points -
disciplinary base, epistemological orientation, sectoral
specialization, or practical concerns - readers will find issues of
significance for their own field, and others across the social
sciences. This title is also available Open Access.
This book seeks to narrow two gaps: first, between the widespread
use of case studies and their frequently 'loose' methodological
moorings; and second, between the scholarly community advancing
methodological frontiers in case study research and the users of
case studies in development policy and practice. It draws on the
contributors' collective experience at this nexus, but the
underlying issues are more broadly relevant to case study
researchers and practitioners in all fields. How does one prepare a
rigorous case study? When can causal inferences reasonably be drawn
from a single case? When and how can policy-makers reasonably
presume that a demonstrably successful intervention in one context
might generate similarly impressive outcomes elsewhere, or if
massively 'scaled up'? No matter their different starting points -
disciplinary base, epistemological orientation, sectoral
specialization, or practical concerns - readers will find issues of
significance for their own field, and others across the social
sciences. This title is also available Open Access.
Previous efforts at legal development have focused almost
exclusively on state legal systems, many of which have shown little
improvement over time. Recently, organizations engaged in legal
development activities have begun to pay greater attention to the
implications of local, informal, indigenous, religious and village
courts or tribunals, which often are more efficacious than state
legal institutions, especially in rural communities. Legal
pluralism is the term applied to these situations because these
institutions exist alongside official state legal systems, usually
in a complex or uncertain relationship. Although academics,
especially legal anthropologists and sociologists, have discussed
legal pluralism for decades, their work has not been consulted in
the development context. This book brings together, in a single
volume, contributions from academics and practitioners to explore
the implications of legal pluralism for legal development.
Previous efforts at legal development have focused almost
exclusively on state legal systems, many of which have shown little
improvement over time. Recently, organizations engaged in legal
development activities have begun to pay greater attention to the
implications of local, informal, indigenous, religious, and village
courts or tribunals, which often are more efficacious than state
legal institutions, especially in rural communities. Legal
pluralism is the term applied to these situations because these
institutions exist alongside official state legal systems, usually
in a complex or uncertain relationship. Although academics,
especially legal anthropologists and sociologists, have discussed
legal pluralism for decades, their work has not been consulted in
the development context. Similarly, academics have failed to
benefit from the insights of development practitioners. This book
brings together, in a single volume, contributions from academics
and practitioners to explore the implications of legal pluralism
for legal development. All of the practitioners have extensive
experience in development projects, the academics come from a
variety of backgrounds, and most have written extensively on legal
pluralism and on development.
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY
3.0 IGO International licence. It is free to read at Oxford
Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and
selected open access locations. The notion of development
influences and is influenced by all aspects of human life. Social
science is but one representational option among many for conveying
the myriad ways in which development is conceived, encountered,
experienced, justified, courted, and/or resisted by different
groups at particular times and places. As international development
has become more quantitative and economics-centred, there is an
enduring sense that what is measured (and thus 'valued' and
prioritized) may have become too narrow, that the powers of
prediction claimed by some areas of economics and management may
have overreached, and that the human dimension is in danger of
being lost. Reflecting this concern, New Mediums, Better Messages?
contributes to new conversations between science, social science,
and the humanities around the roles of different kinds of
knowledge, stories, and data play in relation to global
development. It brings together a team of multidisciplinary
contributors to explore popular representions of development,
including music, blogs, and fiction.
Although the academic study of development is well established, as
is also its policy implementation, less considered are the broader,
more popular understandings of development that often shape agendas
and priorities, particularly in representative democracies. Through
its accessible and provocative chapters, Popular Representations of
Development introduces the idea that while the issue of
'development' - defined broadly as problems of poverty and social
deprivation, and the various agencies and processes seeking to
address these - is normally one that is discussed by social
scientists and policy makers, it also has a wider 'popular'
dimension. Development is something that can be understood through
studying literature, films, and other non-conventional forms of
representation. It is also a public issue, one that has
historically been associated with musical movements such as Live
Aid and increasingly features in newer media such as blogs and
social networking. The book connects the effort to build a more
holistic understanding of development issues with an exploration of
the diverse public sphere in which popular engagement with
development takes place. This book gives students of development
studies, media studies and geography as well as students in the
humanities engaging with global development issues a variety of
perspectives from different disciplines to open up this new field
for discussion.
The overlapping crises of COVID-19, climate change, and rising
levels of conflict are exacerbating global inequalities. This book
offers a definition and framework for social sustainability, as
well as examples and concrete guidance on how development can
foster progress towards it.
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY
3.0 IGO International licence. It is free to read at Oxford
Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and
selected open access locations. The notion of development
influences and is influenced by all aspects of human life. Social
science is but one representational option among many for conveying
the myriad ways in which development is conceived, encountered,
experienced, justified, courted, and/or resisted by different
groups at particular times and places. As international development
has become more quantitative and economics-centred, there is an
enduring sense that what is measured (and thus 'valued' and
prioritized) may have become too narrow, that the powers of
prediction claimed by some areas of economics and management may
have overreached, and that the human dimension is in danger of
being lost. Reflecting this concern, New Mediums, Better Messages?
contributes to new conversations between science, social science,
and the humanities around the roles of different kinds of
knowledge, stories, and data play in relation to global
development. It brings together a team of multidisciplinary
contributors to explore popular representions of development,
including music, blogs, and fiction.
If history matters for understanding key development outcomes then
surely historians should be active contributors to the debates
informing these understandings. This volume integrates, for the
first time, contributions from ten leading historians and seven
policy advisors around the central development issues of social
protection, public health, public education and natural resource
management. How did certain ideas, and not others, gain traction in
shaping particular policy responses? How did the content and
effectiveness of these responses vary across different countries,
and indeed within them? Achieving this is not merely a matter of
seeking to 'know more' about specific times, places and issues, but
recognising the distinctive ways in which historians rigorously
assemble, analyse and interpret diverse forms of evidence. This
book will appeal to students and scholars in development studies,
history, international relations, politics and geography as well as
policy makers and those working for or studying NGOs. -- .
Governments play a major role in the development process, and
constantly introduce reforms and policies to achieve developmental
objectives. Many of these interventions have limited impact,
however; schools get built but children don't learn, IT systems are
introduced but not used, plans are written but not implemented.
These achievement deficiencies reveal gaps in capabilities, and
weaknesses in the process of building state capability. This book
addresses these weaknesses and gaps. It starts by providing
evidence of the capability shortfalls that currently exist in many
countries, showing that many governments lack basic capacities even
after decades of reforms and capacity building efforts. The book
then analyses this evidence, identifying capability traps that hold
many governments back - particularly related to isomorphic mimicry
(where governments copy best practice solutions from other
countries that make them look more capable even if they are not
more capable) and premature load bearing (where governments adopt
new mechanisms that they cannot actually make work, given weak
extant capacities). The book then describes a process that
governments can use to escape these capability traps. Called PDIA
(problem driven iterative adaptation), this process empowers people
working in governments to find and fit solutions to the problems
they face. The discussion about this process is structured in a
practical manner so that readers can actually apply tools and ideas
to the capability challenges they face in their own contexts. These
applications will help readers devise policies and reforms that
have more impact than those of the past.
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC
BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship
Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected
open access locations. Governments play a major role in the
development process, and constantly introduce reforms and policies
to achieve developmental objectives. Many of these interventions
have limited impact, however; schools get built but children don't
learn, IT systems are introduced but not used, plans are written
but not implemented. These achievement deficiencies reveal gaps in
capabilities, and weaknesses in the process of building state
capability. This book addresses these weaknesses and gaps. It
starts by providing evidence of the capability shortfalls that
currently exist in many countries, showing that many governments
lack basic capacities even after decades of reforms and capacity
building efforts. The book then analyses this evidence, identifying
capability traps that hold many governments back - particularly
related to isomorphic mimicry (where governments copy best practice
solutions from other countries that make them look more capable
even if they are not more capable) and premature load bearing
(where governments adopt new mechanisms that they cannot actually
make work, given weak extant capacities). The book then describes a
process that governments can use to escape these capability traps.
Called PDIA (problem driven iterative adaptation), this process
empowers people working in governments to find and fit solutions to
the problems they face. The discussion about this process is
structured in a practical manner so that readers can actually apply
tools and ideas to the capability challenges they face in their own
contexts. These applications will help readers devise policies and
reforms that have more impact than those of the past.
Measuring Social Capital: An Integrated Questionnaire is part of
the World Bank Working Paper series. These papers are published to
communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research and to
stimulate public discussion. The idea of social capital has enjoyed
a remarkable rise to prominence in both the theoretical and applied
social science literature over the last decade. While lively debate
has accompanied that journey, thereby helping to advance our
thinking and clarifying areas of agreement and disagreement, much
still remains to be done. One approach that could help bring
further advances for both scholars and practitioners is providing a
set of empirical tools for measuring social capital. The purpose of
this paper is to introduce such a tool with a focus on applications
in developing countries. The tool aims to generate quantitative
data on various dimensions of social capital as part of a larger
household survey (such as the Living Standards Measurement Survey
or a household income/expenditure survey). The paper also provides
detailed guidance for the use and analysis of the data.In having
better empirical information on social capital, the authors aim is
to enable greater dialogue between researchers, policy makers, task
managers, and poor people themselves, ultimately leading to the
design and implementation of more effective poverty reduction
strategies.
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