Shape optimization deals with problems where the design or control variable is no longer a vector of parameters or functions but the shape of a geometric domain. They include engineering applications to shape and structural optimization, but also original applications to image segmentation, control theory, stabilization of membranes and plates by boundary variations, etc. Free and moving boundary problems arise in an impressingly wide range of new and challenging applications to change of phase. The class of problems which are amenable to this approach can arise from such diverse disciplines as combustion, biological growth, reactive geological flows in porous media, solidification, fluid dynamics, electrochemical machining, etc. The objective and orginality of this NATO-ASI was to bring together theories and examples from shape optimization, free and moving boundary problems, and materials with microstructure which are fundamental to static and dynamic domain and boundary problems.

The quadratic cost optimal control problem for systems described by linear ordinary differential equations occupies a central role in the study of control systems both from the theoretical and design points of view. The study of this problem over an infinite time horizon shows the beautiful interplay between optimality and the qualitative properties of systems such as controllability, observability and stability. This theory is far more difficult for infinite-dimensional systems such as systems with time delay and distributed parameter systems. In the first place, the difficulty stems from the essential unboundedness of the system operator. Secondly, when control and observation are exercised through the boundary of the domain, the operator representing the sensor and actuator are also often unbounded. The present book, in two volumes, is in some sense a self-contained account of this theory of quadratic cost optimal control for a large class of infinite-dimensional systems. Volume I deals with the theory of time evolution of controlled infinite-dimensional systems. It contains a reasonably complete account of the necessary semigroup theory and the theory of delay-differential and partial differential equations. Volume II deals with the optimal control of such systems when performance is measured via a quadratic cost. It covers recent work on the boundary control of hyperbolic systems and exact controllability. Some of the material covered here appears for the first time in book form. The book should be useful for mathematicians and theoretical engineers interested in the field of control.

The quadratic cost optimal control problem for systems described by linear ordinary differential equations occupies a central role in the study of control systems both from a theoretical and design point of view. The study of this problem over an infinite time horizon shows the beautiful interplay between optimality and the qualitative properties of systems such as controllability, observability, stabilizability, and detectability. This theory is far more difficult for infinite dimensional systems such as those with time delays and distributed parameter systems. This reorganized, revised, and expanded edition of a two-volume set is a self-contained account of quadratic cost optimal control for a large class of infinite dimensional systems. The book is structured into five parts. Part I reviews basic optimal control and game theory of finite dimensional systems, which serves as an introduction to the book. Part II deals with time evolution of some generic controlled infinite dimensional systems and contains a fairly complete account of semigroup theory. theory in delay differential and partial differential equations. Part III studies the generic qualitative properties of controlled systems. Parts IV and V examine the optimal control of systems when performance is measured via a quadratic cost. Boundary control of parabolic and hyperbolic systems and exact controllability are also covered. Part I on finite dimensional controlled dynamical systems contains new material: an expanded chapter on the control of linear systems including a glimpse into H8 theory and dissipative systems, and a new chapter on linear quadratic two-person zero-sum differential games. A unique chapter, new to the second edition, brings together advanced concepts and techniques of semigroup theory and interpolation of linear operators that are usually treated independently. The material on delay systems and structural operators is not available elsewhere in book form.Control of infinite dimensional systems has a wide range and growing number of challenging applications. arise from new phenomenological studies, new technological developments, and more stringent design requirements. It will be useful for mathematicians, graduate students, and engineers interested in the field and in the underlying conceptual ideas of systems and control.

This innovative book introduces finite and transfinite interpolation methods at a general level in a unifying mathematical style before covering dynamical interpolation methods, which emphasize the underlying Eulerian/Lagrangian dynamics. Transfinite Interpolations and Eulerian/Lagrangian Dynamics: Considers the support of the data set as a geometrically structured set as opposed to an unstructured cloud of points. Is a self-contained graduate-level text, integrating theory, applications, numerical approximations, and computational techniques. Tackles transfinite interpolation methods applied to finite element meshes adaptation and ALE fluid-structure interaction and to the construction of velocity fields from the boundary expression of shape derivatives. Specialists in applied mathematics, physics, mechanics, computational sciences, imaging sciences, and engineering will find this book of interest.

This considerably enriched new edition provides a self-contained presentation of the mathematical foundations, constructions, and tools necessary for studying problems where the modeling, optimization, or control variable is the shape or the structure of a geometric object. Shapes and Geometries presents the latest ground-breaking theoretical foundation to shape optimization in a form that can be used by the engineering and scientific communities. It also clearly explains the state-of-the-art developments in a mathematical language that will attract mathematicians to open questions in this important field. A series of generic examples has been added to the introduction and special emphasis has been put on the construction of important metrics. Advanced engineers in various application areas use basic ideas of shape optimization, but often encounter difficulties due to the sophisticated mathematical foundations for the field. This new version of the book challenges these difficulties by showing how the mathematics community has made extraordinary progress in establishing a rational foundation for shape optimization. This area of research is very broad, rich, and fascinating from both theoretical and numerical standpoints. It is applicable in many different areas such as fluid mechanics, elasticity theory, modern theories of optimal design, free and moving boundary problems, shape and geometric identification, image processing, and design of endoprotheses in interventional cardiology.