Too many Americans have consistently high debt, little to no savings, and no realistic plan to build true wealth. With this book you will learn how to practice innovative secrets of Smart Wealth budgeting, fully automate your savings and reduction of debt, improve your assets using my Smart Wealth Net Worth formula, avoid toxic student loans and bad lenders, produce long-term passive income, benefit now and later from long-term financial investments, find your financial mentors and expand your network, enjoy financial freedom, and achieve your dreams.

This is a study of the institutional changes which the Treaty of Amsterdam brought to the European structure, on the one hand, and the provisions regarding social policy and employment which are contained in the new chapters of the Treaty, on the other hand. Four of the five contributions focus on the social policy of the European Union and the European Community. It was essential to include a chapter regarding the institutional changes which have occurred as the social provisions in the Treaty are carried out via institutional structures, as are other aspects of European policy. This book concludes with an index and several annexes, including the consolidated version of the treaties establishing the European Union and the European Community, and the presidency conclusions of the Council Summit meetings at Amsterdam and Luxembourg regarding social policy and employment.

When we speak of "legal language," we refer to a mode of communication that works hard to convey a degree of precision that clearly establishes the extent and limits of rights and obligations between parties. This endeavour must strive to overcome numerous obstacles-notably societal context and ideology- that are ineluctably present in language itself. And when legal bonds apply internationally, problems of translation add yet another and more complex dimension. It can be said that these problems of language and meaning particularly affect the application of labour law and social security law, as these legal regimes colour the day-to-day lives and livelihoods of virtually everybody. This extremely useful book assumes the monumental task of codifying the terminology of European labour law and social security law in English, French, German, Spanish, and Italian. It is the only book of its kind in existence. The initial classification follows the fifteen European legislative acts that cover the field. For each of these acts, all the terms and notions are listed (in alphabetical English order) with their definitions as provided in the legislation itself and the interpretations given to them in the case law of the European Court of Justice - all in five languages. In this way, the full spectrum of potential misunderstanding and contradiction is exposed, and all relevant subtleties come into clear focus. This efficient aggregate of vital material gives both practitioner and academic the means to make as complete a judgement as humanly possible concerning the application of European labour law and social security law in any context. The book is sure to become a fundamental work for bothpractice and research in the field.

Too many Americans have consistently high debt, little to no savings, and no realistic plan to build true wealth. With this book you will learn how to practice innovative secrets of Smart Wealth budgeting, fully automate your savings and reduction of debt, improve your assets using my Smart Wealth Net Worth formula, avoid toxic student loans and bad lenders, produce long-term passive income, benefit now and later from long-term financial investments, find your financial mentors and expand your network, enjoy financial freedom, and achieve your dreams.

Sport is life, fun, passion but also business. It is not easy to draw a bright line between sport as an economic activity and sport as a crucial cultural element of society. In Europe, the stakes are prodigious from either perspective. On the one hand, sport represents 4% of the GDP of the European Union; on the other, there are in the EU more than 800,000 sport clubs with more than 70 million members. In numerous ways, the former depends on the latter, giving rise to a plethora of subtle tensions. For decades the EU institutions have struggled with the legal issues that arise from these tensions, and the debate has come to be encapsulated in the complex concepts of the 'sport exception' and the 'specificity of sport.' Now, the pending Reform Treaty, if ratified, will finally provide a legal basis for a Community action in the field of sport.This new collection of essays presents nine well-informed and insightful analyses of the 'specificity' debate from several distinct points of view. The book reprints the papers presented by outstanding academics as well as representatives of the sport world at a conference on the 'Future of Sport in the European Union' held at the Catholic University of Brussels in December 2007. The authors examine the legal and political issues related to the latest developments at the EU level, and their impact on the sport organisations, in order to better understand the future of sport and to answer the questions which will inevitably arise from the new situation.Among the topics arising in the course of the presentations are the following:A* pure 'sporting interest' vs. 'economic activities' within the overall meaning of Article 2 EC; A* whether the EU legal order in fact applies to sport activities; A* application of EC law to rules governing the composition of national sports teams, especially as defined in Bosman and Meca Medina cases;A* relation of sport to freedom of association and the principle of subsidiarity; A* initiatives to share use of financial gains from television rights; A* role of bylaws and other regulations of federations at every level;A* responsibility of sport organisations vis-a-vis the rules of public order; A* freedom of labour and free movement of workers as applied to sportsmen and sportswomen; A* the right to privacy, image included;A* the 'European sport model'; A* protection of young sportsmen and sportswomen from commercial pressures; andA* economic and social role of volunteering activities in sport.As an analysis of the future directions of EU sport law, this book provides an in-depth assessment of the impact of current policy changes. At a time when a new European treaty is being drafted, and when new questions on sport are being referred to the European Court of Justice, these cogent analyses of European law applicable to professional sport will be of great value to professionals concerned with sport in any of its guises.

The regulatory architecture available for cyberspace law still seems incapable of conceiving, much less resolving, the new issues of privacy raised by the use of the Internet in the workplace. This analysis of the thorny problems in this area of the law attempts to clarify the nature of the conflicts and disputes that arise and that are likely to continue to arise. It is a detailed comparative treatment of the subject, analysing the relevant law both at the international level and in six major national jurisdictions. The author first examines the international jurisdictional problems related to the Internet and new technologies. Starting from an economic analysis of the law of cyberspace, the author demonstrates that the problem of conflicting legal rules may be solved by adopting new laws, regulations and guidelines governing the Internet. The second part explores the ways in which the Internet and the introduction of new information technologies has dramatically affected the world of work and individual rights. The author analyses the origins, limits and boundaries of these rights, and makes a comparative analysis of the relevant constitutions and statutes in both common law and civil law. Finally, an examination of the legal systems of the USA, the UK, France, Germany, Italy, and Japan, and of their responses to the new Internet-related issues, enable the author to propose effective ways to achieve a better balance between the employee's right to privacy and the responsibilities of the employer in the new electronic environment.