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These papers aim to provide a substantial review of the literature
pertaining to a comprehensive range of traditional and contemporary
research paradigms and research methods. The book is designed as a
reference work for novice researchers in the fields of geographical
and environmental education.
This text takes issue with arguments that security studies is a
discipline of limited use in making sense of the post-Cold War
world. It argues that many of the most interesting theoretical
issues in international relations can most usefully be studied
through a prism labelled "security studies". The book combines
chapters which provide a variety of critical perspectives on the
discipline and address a diverse range of theoretical concerns,
with chapters that examine such substantive issues as weapons
proliferation and the changing meaning of "security" for actors in
the erstwhile conflict between East and West.
Across the globe, from mega-cities to isolated resource enclaves,
the provision and governance of security takes place within
assemblages that are de-territorialized in terms of actors,
technologies, norms and discourses. They are embedded in a complex
transnational architecture, defying conventional distinctions
between public and private, global and local. Drawing on theories
of globalization and late modernity, along with insights from
criminology, political science and sociology, Security Beyond the
State maps the emergence of the global private security sector and
develops a novel analytical framework for understanding these
global security assemblages. Through in-depth examinations of four
African countries - Kenya, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and South Africa -
it demonstrates how global security assemblages affect the
distribution of social power, the dynamics of state stability, and
the operations of the international political economy, with
significant implications for who gets secured and how in a global
era.
Realism is commonly portrayed as theory that reduces international
relations to pure power politics. Michael Williams provides an
important reexamination of the Realist tradition and its relevance
for contemporary international relations. Examining three thinkers
commonly invoked as Realism's foremost proponents - Hobbes,
Rousseau, and Morgenthau - the book shows that, far from advocating
a crude realpolitik, Realism's most famous classical proponents
actually stressed the need for a restrained exercise of power and a
politics with ethics at its core. These ideas are more relevant
than ever at a time when the nature of responsible responses to
international problems are at the centre of contemporary political
debate. This original interpretation of major thinkers will
interest scholars of international relations and the history of
ideas.
This text takes issue with arguments that security studies is a
discipline of limited use in making sense of the post-Cold War
world. It argues that many of the most interesting theoretical
issues in international relations can most usefully be studied
through a prism labelled "security studies." The book combines
chapters which provide a variety of critical perspectives on the
discipline and address a diverse range of theoretical concerns,
with chapters that examine such substantive issues as weapons
proliferation and the changing meaning of "security" for actors in
the erstwhile conflict between East and West.
"Alongside the crescent, the star of the Soviets will be the great
battle emblem..." - Tan Malaka Twice in this century the people of
Banten have risen in revolt against those they considered to be
their oppressors. On both occasions the leadership of the revolts
was largely religious and yet at the same time announced to all
that it was Communist. The revolutionary leadership successfully
portrayed their ideology as both past and future. In 1926 and again
in 1945, revolt was to be the harbinger of freedom from colonial
rule and the dawn of a new era of social justice and prosperity.
These are familiar themes of Communist-inspired revolt, but the
Bantenese revolutionaries also delved deep into their past history
to proclaim that the advent of Communist revolt would also lead to
the restoration of the Sultanate of Banten. The Banten region
illustrates strikingly that the movement from "archaic" to modern
forms of political protest is not lineal but dialectical. As Geertz
has perceptively remarked, "there is in such matters no simple
progression from 'traditional' to 'modern,' but a twisting,
spasmodic, unmethodical movement which turns as often toward
repossessing the emotions of the past as disowning them." This
dialectical connection between future, present, and past was
evident not only in the ideology of the two main revolts, but also
in the social composition of the revolutionary leadership. In both
uprisings descendants of the former Sultans of Banten, called
tubagus, and others holding noble titles they had borne from old,
played a prominent role. Indeed one of the very first actions of
the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) branch in 1925 was to demand
compensation and pensions for all who bore the title tubagus from a
sultanate abolished nearly a century before. They rubbed shoulders
in the revolutionary leadership with other traditional leaders of
peasant revolt, such as the Islamic teachers, the ulama, and the
local men of violence, the jawara, but also with more "modern"
revolutionaries such as artisans, printers, journalists, and trade
unionists. In short, the uncompromising insistence on modernity
that was to be a hallmark of the PKI after 1951 was certainly not a
prominent feature of the movement in the 1920s or in 1945.
Realism is commonly portrayed as theory that reduces international
relations to pure power politics. Michael Williams provides an
important reexamination of the Realist tradition and its relevance
for contemporary international relations. Examining three thinkers
commonly invoked as Realism's foremost proponents - Hobbes,
Rousseau, and Morgenthau - the book shows that, far from advocating
a crude realpolitik, Realism's most famous classical proponents
actually stressed the need for a restrained exercise of power and a
politics with ethics at its core. These ideas are more relevant
than ever at a time when the nature of responsible responses to
international problems are at the centre of contemporary political
debate. This original interpretation of major thinkers will
interest scholars of international relations and the history of
ideas.
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