Distinguished contributors analyze the problem of homelessness from a clinical perspective, focusing on the major health problems found among the homeless, special populations within the homeless, and strategies for improvement and change.

When the 13 founders of the American Psychiatric Association came together in 1844, hospitals were small, and the administrative aspects of a superinten dent's job were relatively minor compared with their size and complexity today. Since the turn of the century, administration-the art and the sci ence-has become a specialty of great importance, particularly in big business and government. Business recognizes fully that the success of organizational endeavors depends to a great extent on the talents and energies of top lead ers. As a result, industry spends huge sums of money to train promising young executives and offers generous salaries and benefits to entice them. Anyone who wants to invest in a business first asks: "Who manages this organization, and is this management competitive in today's marketplace?" Although health is today a great industry, emphasis on the executive role has lagged behind that in the general business field. In mental health circles, the strong emphasis on one-to-one therapy has delayed a full appreciation of the influence of organization per se on patient care and treatment. Yet there 1 are now many signs of change. The popularization of behavioral science and the rise of social and community psychiatry have brought organizational con siderations forward. We are increasingly concerned with the human side of enterprise, with worker satisfaction, group dynamics, and organizational morale. Other flags have been unfurled."

The field of low-dimensional conductors has been very active for more than twenty years. It has grown continuously and both the inorganic and organic materials have remark able properties, such as charge and spin density waves and superconductivity. The discovery of superconductivity at high temperature in copper-based quasi two-dimensional conducting oxides nearly ten years ago has further enlarged the field and stimulated new research on inorganic conductors. It was obviously impossible to cover such a broad field in a ten day Institute and it seemed pertinent to concentrate on inorganic conductors, excluding the high Tc superconducting oxides. In this context, it was highly desirable to include both physics and chemistry in the same Institute in order to tighten or in some cases to establish links between physicists and chemists. This Advanced Study Institute is the continuation of a series of similar ones which have taken place every few years since 1974. 73 participants coming from 13 countries have taken part in this School at the beautiful site of the Centre de Physique des Houches in the Mont-Blanc mountain range. The scientific programme included more than forty lectures and seminars, two poster sessions and ten short talks. Several discussion sessions were organized for the evenings, one on New Materials, one on New Topics and one on the special problem of the Fermi and Luttinger liquids. The scientific activity was kept high from the beginning to the end of the Institute.

Distinguished contributors analyze the problem of homelessness from a clinical perspective, focusing on the major health problems found among the homeless, special populations within the homeless, and strategies for improvement and change.

When the 13 founders of the American Psychiatric Association came together in 1844, hospitals were small, and the administrative aspects of a superinten dent's job were relatively minor compared with their size and complexity today. Since the turn of the century, administration-the art and the sci ence-has become a specialty of great importance, particularly in big business and government. Business recognizes fully that the success of organizational endeavors depends to a great extent on the talents and energies of top lead ers. As a result, industry spends huge sums of money to train promising young executives and offers generous salaries and benefits to entice them. Anyone who wants to invest in a business first asks: "Who manages this organization, and is this management competitive in today's marketplace?" Although health is today a great industry, emphasis on the executive role has lagged behind that in the general business field. In mental health circles, the strong emphasis on one-to-one therapy has delayed a full appreciation of the influence of organization per se on patient care and treatment. Yet there 1 are now many signs of change. The popularization of behavioral science and the rise of social and community psychiatry have brought organizational con siderations forward. We are increasingly concerned with the human side of enterprise, with worker satisfaction, group dynamics, and organizational morale. Other flags have been unfurled.

Psychiatry has undergone a dynamic evolution in the last 40 years, an evolution to which Dr. Louis West made many contributions. Psychiatry today and Dr. West's career are intertwined in a mosaic of interaction. It is therefore fitting that this compilation of essays in honor of Dr. West is entitled The Mosaic of Contemporary Psychiatry: Current Perspectives. The papers collectively form a snapshot of the field of psychiatry today. Each chapter offers a historical perspective of the topic discussed, followed by a description of modern day issues and a look at the future of psychiatry. This book will enhance the knowledge and technical skills of psychiatrists as well as other clinicians in the mental health care field.

The field of low-dimensional conductors has been very active for more than twenty years. It has grown continuously and both the inorganic and organic materials have remark able properties, such as charge and spin density waves and superconductivity. The discovery of superconductivity at high temperature in copper-based quasi two-dimensional conducting oxides nearly ten years ago has further enlarged the field and stimulated new research on inorganic conductors. It was obviously impossible to cover such a broad field in a ten day Institute and it seemed pertinent to concentrate on inorganic conductors, excluding the high Tc superconducting oxides. In this context, it was highly desirable to include both physics and chemistry in the same Institute in order to tighten or in some cases to establish links between physicists and chemists. This Advanced Study Institute is the continuation of a series of similar ones which have taken place every few years since 1974. 73 participants coming from 13 countries have taken part in this School at the beautiful site of the Centre de Physique des Houches in the Mont-Blanc mountain range. The scientific programme included more than forty lectures and seminars, two poster sessions and ten short talks. Several discussion sessions were organized for the evenings, one on New Materials, one on New Topics and one on the special problem of the Fermi and Luttinger liquids. The scientific activity was kept high from the beginning to the end of the Institute."

American Association For The Advancement Of Science Publication, No. 58. Contributing Authors Include Jack R. Ewalt, Robert C. Hunt, Harold R. Martin And Others.

American Association For The Advancement Of Science Publication, No. 58. Contributing Authors Include Jack R. Ewalt, Robert C. Hunt, Harold R. Martin And Others.

This is a reprint of a previously published work. It deals wirh leadership and organizational change in large institutions such as hospitals schools, and prisons, focusing on the strategies and tactics of decentralizing a large bureaucratic organization.

This volume developed from the December 1962 symposium of the American Association for the Advancement of Science on human response to the threat of impending disaster, and brings together insights gained from more than a decade of empirical research. How do human beings react to the threat of impending catastrophe? What is the range of behavior in situations for which neither culture nor personal experience has provided the individual with an adequate repertoire of responses? This volume developed from the December 1962 symposium of the American Association for the Advancement of Science on human response to the threat of impending disaster. It brings together insights gained from more than a decade of empirical research. The focus of the work is on individual and group responses to catastrophic situations in which a disaster is expected but has not yet occurred. Although the contributors represent different disciplines and deal with a diversity of threatening situations, the work emphasizes a common conceptual framework. The first part of the book is devoted to theoretical perspectives which include systems theory, experimental analogs of stress, and theories of collective behavior. Some of the specific studies consider groups and individual responses to: nuclear threat and disaster, space flight, natural disasters, war and captivity, disease and death. Factors that influence individual responses to threat, ranging from personality variables, situational variables, group values, and cultural expectations are discussed. Although primarily directed to the student of the behavioral sciences concerned with reaction patterns in the instance of extreme stress, the book will also be of interest to organizations in civil defense, Red Cross workers, and communities and agencies entrusted with public safety. The nonspecialist interested in the psychology of stress or study of collective behavior will find this a fascinating volume.