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There are very serious environmental problems facing the planet.
Biodiversity loss has reached unprecedented levels. Climate change
is progressing so rapidly that within this century we are likely to
see substantial sea level rise. There has been dramatic loss of
tropical rainforests. Plastic pollution is killing wildlife and
polluting our oceans. Various movements old and new are addressing
these green issues. Civil society activism has taken on new
strategies with the emergence of new technologies and global
networks of green activists have formed. A new generation of green
activists are emerging and boldly criticizing the status quo. At
the same time, in some parts of the world, green movements that
looked like they were beginning to gain a political foothold or
were even doing quite well are in retreat. The reasons are complex.
Some suffer from lack of funding and hostile political and legal
environments. Others are being attacked by populist politicians who
see green activism as a threat. The second edition of Historical
Dictionary of the Green Movement contains a chronology, an
introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section
has over 300 cross-referenced on green movements, green politics,
green trends, and major environmental agreements and events. This
book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone
wanting to know more about the green movement.
Human beings have been concerned about nature and their place in it
for millennia. Disquiet about the consequences of human action on
the natural environment date back to the ancient Greeks and Romans.
The efforts of the green movement can be traced back to the 19th
century. In this period, individuals, groups, and organizations
began campaigning for the conservation and preservation of natural
areas and the protection of wildlife species. Efforts to combat
pollution also began. It was not until the 1960s, however, that the
green movement in its more modern incarnation emerged. The green
movements that arose at this time maintained the concerns with
conservation, preservation, and industrial pollution held by
earlier generations, but added to their agenda new issues,
including justice, equality, participatory democracy, and
sustainability. The A to Z of the Green Movement provides a
detailed and comprehensive overview of green parties and movements,
green issues, and green concepts. This is done through a
chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and hundreds of
cross-referenced dictionary entries on countries in the world where
green parties or proto-parties have formed, green movement
organizations, major international environmental conferences, and
green concepts. This useful reference will be greatly valued by
students, academics, journalists, and policymakers alike.
There are very serious environmental problems facing the planet.
Biodiversity loss has reached unprecedented levels. Climate change
is progressing so rapidly that within this century we are likely to
see substantial sea level rise. There has been dramatic loss of
tropical rainforests. Plastic pollution is killing wildlife and
polluting our oceans. Various movements old and new are addressing
these green issues. Civil society activism has taken on new
strategies with the emergence of new technologies and global
networks of green activists have formed. A new generation of green
activists are emerging and boldly criticizing the status quo. At
the same time, in some parts of the world, green movements that
looked like they were beginning to gain a political foothold or
were even doing quite well are in retreat. The reasons are complex.
Some suffer from lack of funding and hostile political and legal
environments. Others are being attacked by populist politicians who
see green activism as a threat. The second edition of Historical
Dictionary of the Green Movement contains a chronology, an
introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section
has over 300 cross-referenced on green movements, green politics,
green trends, and major environmental agreements and events. This
book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone
wanting to know more about the green movement.
Managing a successful transition of the current energy supply
system to less carbon emitting options, ensuring a safe and secure
supply during the whole process and in the long term, is one of the
largest challenges of our time. Various approaches and first
implementations show that it is not only technological issue, but
also a matter of societal acceptance and acceptability, considering
basic ethic values of the society. The main foci of the book are,
thus, to develop an understanding about the specific challenges of
the scientific policy advice in the area, to explore typical
current approaches for the analysis of future energy systems and to
develop criteria for the quality assessment and guidelines for the
improvement of such studies. The book provides assistance to the
interpretation of existing studies and guidelines for setting up
and carrying out new analyses as well as for communicating and
applying the results. Thereby, it aims to support the involved
actors such as the respective scientific experts and researchers as
well as decision makers, energy suppliers, stakeholders and the
interested public in designing procedures for a successful
transition process. The study elaborates consistent
interdisciplinary advice as contribution for realising a
continuously safe and secure, long-term viable energy supply in
spite of diverse interests, multi-level responsibilities,
multi-dimensional processes, large uncertainties and lack of
knowledge about future developments.
Managing a successful transition of the current energy supply
system to less carbon emitting options, ensuring a safe and secure
supply during the whole process and in the long term, is one of the
largest challenges of our time. Various approaches and first
implementations show that it is not only technological issue, but
also a matter of societal acceptance and acceptability, considering
basic ethic values of the society. The main foci of the book are,
thus, to develop an understanding about the specific challenges of
the scientific policy advice in the area, to explore typical
current approaches for the analysis of future energy systems and to
develop criteria for the quality assessment and guidelines for the
improvement of such studies. The book provides assistance to the
interpretation of existing studies and guidelines for setting up
and carrying out new analyses as well as for communicating and
applying the results. Thereby, it aims to support the involved
actors such as the respective scientific experts and researchers as
well as decision makers, energy suppliers, stakeholders and the
interested public in designing procedures for a successful
transition process. The study elaborates consistent
interdisciplinary advice as contribution for realising a
continuously safe and secure, long-term viable energy supply in
spite of diverse interests, multi-level responsibilities,
multi-dimensional processes, large uncertainties and lack of
knowledge about future developments.
An important aim behind the restructuring of Germany's and Europe's
electricity systems is to reduce the environmental burden,
especially with respect to greenhouse gas emissions, of the current
systems. Emissions must be brought down to a level that is
sustainable in the long run and consistent with greenhouse gas
emission reduction goals. Meeting these goals will require a system
(as best as current knowledge suggests) that will be able to cope
simultaneously with the fundamental demands for economic
efficiency, environmental sustainability and supply security.
Making use of existing scenarios, this study sketches such a
system. It focuses in particular on auxiliary systems such as
energy storage methods and network extensions.
The study introduces technologies that can balance electricity in
energy systems and that can serve as enabling technologies for the
integration of large quantities of renewable energies in the power
supply system. It begins with a discussion of normative aims for
the future electricity system before continuing with a description
of current policies and political developments and an overview of
relevant existing energy system studies. These sections serve as
background for the remainder of the study. They are followed by
discussion and analysis of the growing demand for means to balance
the fluctuations found in electricity generated in power systems
with a high penetration of renewable energies, the potentials of
diverse technologies, requirements for electrical networks,
economic impacts and important legal issues. Finally, the main
challenges to the achievement of developing balancing technologies
and processes for renewable electricity-dominant systems are
summarised and recommendations made.
An important aim behind the restructuring of Germany's and Europe's
electricity systems is to reduce the environmental burden,
especially with respect to greenhouse gas emissions, of the current
systems. Emissions must be brought down to a level that is
sustainable in the long run and consistent with greenhouse gas
emission reduction goals. Meeting these goals will require a system
(as best as current knowledge suggests) that will be able to cope
simultaneously with the fundamental demands for economic
efficiency, environmental sustainability and supply security.
Making use of existing scenarios, this study sketches such a
system. It focuses in particular on auxiliary systems such as
energy storage methods and network extensions.
The study introduces technologies that can balance electricity in
energy systems and that can serve as enabling technologies for the
integration of large quantities of renewable energies in the power
supply system. It begins with a discussion of normative aims for
the future electricity system before continuing with a description
of current policies and political developments and an overview of
relevant existing energy system studies. These sections serve as
background for the remainder of the study. They are followed by
discussion and analysis of the growing demand for means to balance
the fluctuations found in electricity generated in power systems
with a high penetration of renewable energies, the potentials of
diverse technologies, requirements for electrical networks,
economic impacts and important legal issues. Finally, the main
challenges to the achievement of developing balancing technologies
and processes for renewable electricity-dominant systems are
summarised and recommendations made.
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