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Plant tissue culture and advanced biotechnologies have proven to be
influential tools that complement conventional breeding and
accelerate development of many medicinal plants. Various
approaches, such as pathway engineering, precursor feeding,
transformation, elicitation with biotic and abiotic elicitors and
scaling up in bioreactors, have been explored to improve the
production of secondary metabolites from different medicinal
plants. This book provides a comprehensive description of various
studies, carried out on in vitro culture and hairy root cultures of
Catharanthus roseus, Silybum marianum and Digitalis species which
have been considered as alternative sources for the production of
anti-tumour compounds, flavonolignans and cardenolides. Specific
focus is on elicitation strategy for increasing production of
bioactive compounds of C. roseus L., S. marianum and Digitalis
species to overcome the constrains of conventional propagation.
This book is valuable for researchers or students working on
medicinal plants, phytochemistry, and plant tissue culture. It also
serves as a reference for the pharmaceutical industry.
Trade between the United States and the eighteen countries of the
Middle East and North Africa continues to grow at a steady pace,
particularly with those countries that have signed free trade
agreements with the US. This insightful and timely book examines US
bilateral free trade agreements with a cross section of Middle
Eastern countries. Economists discuss this topic generally, but few
published works focus on the consistency of US bilateral free trade
agreements with the relevant legal norms in the Middle East, other
regional agreements and the multilateral trading system. Four
central questions are at the heart of this book's illuminating
analysis: 1. Are US bilateral free trade agreements consistent with
international legal norms? 2. Are these agreements consistent with
Middle Eastern norms on regional integration? 3. Are the agreements
consistent with Islamic norms on trade liberalization? 4. Are the
agreements consistent with local norms on intellectual property,
environmental protection and labour standards?
Plant tissue culture and advanced biotechnologies have proven to be
influential tools that complement conventional breeding and
accelerate development of many medicinal plants. Various
approaches, such as pathway engineering, precursor feeding,
transformation, elicitation with biotic and abiotic elicitors and
scaling up in bioreactors, have been explored to improve the
production of secondary metabolites from different medicinal
plants. This book provides a comprehensive description of various
studies, carried out on in vitro culture and hairy root cultures of
Catharanthus roseus, Silybum marianum and Digitalis species which
have been considered as alternative sources for the production of
anti-tumour compounds, flavonolignans and cardenolides. Specific
focus is on elicitation strategy for increasing production of
bioactive compounds of C. roseus L., S. marianum and Digitalis
species to overcome the constrains of conventional propagation.
This book is valuable for researchers or students working on
medicinal plants, phytochemistry, and plant tissue culture. It also
serves as a reference for the pharmaceutical industry.
The book investigates the feasibility of constructing a software
multi-agent based monitoring and classification system and
utilizing it to provide an automatic and accurate classification of
end users developing applications in the spreadsheet domain. The
agents function autonomously to provide continuous and periodic
monitoring of excel spreadsheet workbooks by content. Resulting in,
the development of the MultiAgent classification System (MACS) that
is in compliance with the specifications of the Foundation for
Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA). However, different technologies
have been brought together to build MACS. The strength of the
system is the integration of the agent technology with the FIPA
specifications together with other technologies, which are Windows
Communication Foundation (WCF) services, Service Oriented
Architecture (SOA), and Oracle Data Mining (ODM). The Microsoft's
.NET Widows Service based agents were utilized to develop the
monitoring agents of MACS, the .NET WCF services together with SOA
approach allowed the distribution and communication between agents
over the WWW. ODM was used to automate the classification phase of
MACS.
Laser Ablation attached to inductively coupled plasma mass
spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is widely accepted as a rapid and
sensitive technique for trace element analysis of solid materials.
Three different instruments are used: 1- a-The double focusing
ICP-MS (JMS-PLASMAX2) is used for the analysis of rare earth
elements in minerals as (monazite), and for rocks as (standard
samples BCR-2, AGV-2), Also lead and strontium isotope ratios in
tourmaline sample solution. b- A quadrupole (ELAN6000, Perkin
Elmer) mass spectrometer. It was applied for the analysis of single
grains of tourmaline sample for Sr and Pb isotope ratios and fused
pellets for trace elements composition for different samples 2-
Energy dispersive Scanning Electron microscope used for the
analysis of zircon fused pellets and single grains. Rutherford back
scattering spectrometer for the analysis of zircon fused pellets to
ensure the homogeneity of the fused pellets, and LA-HR-ICP-MS
(PLASMAX2) for trace elements in zircon fused pellets. 3- Ion
exchange and ion chromatograph GBC for the separation of transition
and rare earth elements in geological samples.
Recently, series compensation is widely used in transmission.
However, this creates several problems to conventional protection
approaches.This book presents a comprehensive distance and
overcurrent protection approach for series compensated transmission
line using support vector machine (SVM).SVM is considered as a new
powerful Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique. In a short period
of time, SVM has been applied to numerous applications such as
transformer faultdiagnosis, power system disturbances, relay
coordination, transient stability of power system and fault
classification of transmission line. This is due to the advantages
of SVM over traditional approaches. The SVMs are trained with
different kernel functions with different parameter values to get
the most optimized model. Simulation studies have been considered
for different operating conditions, including wide variations of
load angle, fault inception angle, fault resistance and fault
location.In addition to series compensated transmission line
protection studies, the book also includes fault analysis of high
voltage transmission linewithout compensation.
Due to safety requirements to protect workers against hazardous
gases and dust, wearing protective air-purifying respiratory
devices tends to increase heat load on the workers. To the best
author's knowledge no study assessed protective air-purifying
respiratory devices in the harsh weather and tried to recommend
one(s) in the heat. The goal of this project was to study the
effect of different types of air-purifying respiratory devices (six
devices) and different levels of heat stresses on the worker
physiological indices and exertion ratings. Participates (sixteen
young male) were exercised on an ergometer bike in a laboratory
while wearing different respiratory types at different workloads,
room temperature and humidity levels. Their effects related to the
participants' body functions (e.g., heart rate, aural canal
temperature and blood pressure), and their exertion ratings were
measured. Results revealed that with wearing masks in the hot
environments, all physiological indices as well as exertion ratings
were significantly increased. The best respiratory device type that
is available in the market is determined.
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