Covers the synthesis of advanced materials that are based on recycled raw materials and exhibit comparable or even higher properties than conventional ones. Demonstrates the obtainable technology of eco-friendly geopolymers with industrial applications. Discusses the durability and lower carbon footprint of geopolymers compared to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Considers waste disposal, contamination, and land use. Explores the manufacturing technology and product versatility of geopolymers.

GEOPOLYMER COMPOSITE FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE EXPOSURE describes about basic geopolymer process, chemical reaction and the behaviour of fly ash-based geopolymer when expose to high temperature. Different important factors (e.g. NaOH molarity, activator-to-fly ash ratios, curing condition, etc.) influencing the processing of the fly ash-based geopolymer were investigated. These experimental results are utilized to propose a new method for geopolymer cement processing and the design of geopolymer concrete mixtures. Experimental data on the characterization and properties of the geopolymer cement and concrete are then presented. Final part of this book also describes the impact of the mechanical treatment (Ball milling), elevated temperature on the properties of fly ash geopolymers, geopolymer refractory material and the application of these geopolymers as lightweight materials.

CLAY BASED GEOPOLYMERS: Processing & Characterization provides information on the geopolymers process and the mechanism reaction involved. This book also includes a newly invented processing of geopolymeric powder. The resulted presented in this book were part of the experimental works at Center of Excellence Geopolymer System Research (GpRS@UniMAP).The text has thouroughly reviewed the historical background of alkali-activated binders, introduced kaolin as a prime material, described the reaction mechanism of kaolinite, and identified factors that affect the formation of this geopolymer. It covers the experimental data on the effect of various important factors (e.g. alkali concentration, clay-to-activator ratio, activator ratio, solidification process, curing conditions and etc.) on the processing and synthesis of the geopolymer cements and geopoymeric powder. Nevertheless, the characterization of the mechanical properties of the geopolymer cements and the geopolymeric powder were elucidated. It is hoped that future research in this field will drive a new era of greener materials in the construction industry.

This book provides simple applications of single imputation methods in replacing missing values and latermodel the dataset using common probability distributions i.e. Weibull, gamma, lognormal etc. The first chapter reviews the theory on missing data mechanism, single and multiple imputations and the types of software available to fill the missing data. Then, the assessment of few single imputation methods were described in chapter 2. The selections of the most appropriate method for the observations were also revealed. In the last chapter, the readers will be exposed on how to model the air pollutant data using probability distributions. The most fitted distributions were also selected after calculating the performance indicators and finally, the most fitted distribution will be used to estimate the return period for next year. Hopefully with this humble publication, the interest among the readers will be developed to explore this new chapter of research thus improving the quality of dataset for better analysis. Furthermore, the good quality data can be model for the future.