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The first women entered national government in Italy in 1946, and
represented a "lost wave" of feminist action. They used a specific
electoral and legislative strategy, "constitutional rights
feminism," to construct an image of the female citizen as a bulwark
of democracy. Mining existing tropes of femininity such as the
Resistance heroine, the working mother, the sacrificial Catholic,
and the "mamma Italiana," they searched for social consensus for
women's equality that could reach across religious, ideological,
and gender divides. The political biographies of woman politicians
intertwine throughout the book with the legislative history of the
women's rights law they created and helped pass: a Communist who
passed the first law guaranteeing paid maternity leave in 1950, a
Socialist whose law closed state-run brothels in 1958, and a
Christian Democrat who passed the 1963 law guaranteeing women's
right to become judges. Women politicians navigated gendered
political identity as they picked and chose among competing models
of femininity in Cold War Italy. In so doing, they forged a
political legacy that in turn affected the rights and opportunities
of all Italian women. Their work is compared throughout The Lost
Wave to the constitutional rights of women in other parts of
postwar Europe.
Originally published in Italian in 1980, Gli Stati Uniti e il
fascismo: Alle origini dell'egemonia Americana in Italia is
regarded today as a crucial text on the relationship between the
United States and Italy during the interwar years. Aside from the
addition of two new prefaces - one by the author and one by the
book's translator, Molly Tambor - the original text has remained
unchanged, so that Anglophone readers now have the opportunity to
engage with this classic work. By analyzing the enduring
relationship between the United States - especially its financial
establishment - and fascist Italy up until Mussolini's conquest of
Ethiopia in 1935, this book provides answers to some key questions
about the interconnectedness of America's rise to hegemonic global
financial power in the twentieth century and its support of Italian
fascism during this time.
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