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Machine Learning has shown tremendous benefits in solving complex
network problems and providing situation and parameter prediction.
However, heavy resources are required to process and analyze the
data which can be done either offline or using edge computing,
which also requires heavy transmission resources to provide a
timely response. The need here is to provide lightweight machine
learning protocols that can process and analyze the data at run
time and provide a timely and efficient response. These algorithms
have grown in terms of computation and memory requirements due to
the availability of large data sets. These models/algorithms also
require high levels of resources such as computing, memory,
communication, and storage. The focus so far was on producing
highly accurate models for these communication networks without
considering the energy consumption of these machine-learning
algorithms. For future scalable and sustainable network
applications, efforts are required towards designing new machine
learning protocols and modifying the existing ones, which consume
less energy i.e., green machine learning protocols. In other words,
novel and lightweight green machine learning algorithms/protocols
are required to reduce energy consumption which can also reduce the
carbon footprint. To realize the green machine learning protocols,
in this book, different aspects of green machine learning for
future communication networks are presented. This book highlights
mainly the green machine learning protocols for cellular
communication, federated learning-based models and protocols for
beyond 5th-generation networks, approaches for cloud-based
communications, and Internet-of-Things. This book also highlights
the design considerations and challenges for green machine learning
protocols for different future applications.
This comprehensive book unveils the working relationship of
blockchain and the fog/edge computing. The contents of the book
have been designed in such a way that the reader will not only
understand blockchain and fog/edge computing but will also
understand their co-existence and their collaborative power to
solve a range of versatile problems. The first part of the book
covers fundamental concepts and the applications of
blockchain-enabled fog and edge computing. These include: Internet
of Things, Tactile Internet, Smart City; and E-challan in the
Internet of Vehicles. The second part of the book covers security
and privacy related issues of blockchain-enabled fog and edge
computing. These include, hardware primitive based Physical
Unclonable Functions; Secure Management Systems; security of Edge
and Cloud in the presence of blockchain; secure storage in fog
using blockchain; and using differential privacy for edge-based
Smart Grid over blockchain. This book is written for students,
computer scientists, researchers and developers, who wish to work
in the domain of blockchain and fog/edge computing. One of the
unique features of this book is highlighting the issues,
challenges, and future research directions associated with
Blockchain-enabled fog and edge computing paradigm. We hope the
readers will consider this book a valuable addition in the domain
of Blockchain and fog/edge computing.
The rapid growth of the data traffic demands new ways to achieve
high-speed wireless links. The backbone networks, data centers,
mission-critical applications, as well as end-users sitting in
office or home, all require ultra-high throughput and ultra-low
latency wireless links. Sophisticated technological advancement and
huge bandwidth are required to reduce the latency. Terahertz band,
in this regard, has a huge potential to provide these high-capacity
links where a user can download the file in a few seconds. To
realize the high-capacity wireless links for future applications,
in this book, different aspects of the Terahertz band wireless
communication network are presented. This book highlights the
Terahertz channel characteristics and modeling, antenna design and
beamforming, device characterization, applications, and protocols.
It also provides state-of-the-art knowledge on different
communication aspects of Terahertz communication and techniques to
realize the true potential of the Terahertz band for wireless
communication.
This comprehensive book unveils the working relationship of
blockchain and the fog/edge computing. The contents of the book
have been designed in such a way that the reader will not only
understand blockchain and fog/edge computing but will also
understand their co-existence and their collaborative power to
solve a range of versatile problems. The first part of the book
covers fundamental concepts and the applications of
blockchain-enabled fog and edge computing. These include: Internet
of Things, Tactile Internet, Smart City; and E-challan in the
Internet of Vehicles. The second part of the book covers security
and privacy related issues of blockchain-enabled fog and edge
computing. These include, hardware primitive based Physical
Unclonable Functions; Secure Management Systems; security of Edge
and Cloud in the presence of blockchain; secure storage in fog
using blockchain; and using differential privacy for edge-based
Smart Grid over blockchain. This book is written for students,
computer scientists, researchers and developers, who wish to work
in the domain of blockchain and fog/edge computing. One of the
unique features of this book is highlighting the issues,
challenges, and future research directions associated with
Blockchain-enabled fog and edge computing paradigm. We hope the
readers will consider this book a valuable addition in the domain
of Blockchain and fog/edge computing.
Emerging Communication Technologies Based on Wireless Sensor
Networks: Current Research and Future Applications fills a gap in
the existing literature by combining a plethora of WSN-based
emerging technologies into a single source so that researchers can
form opinions regarding these technologies. It presents different
types of emerging communication technologies based on WSNs and
describes how wireless sensor networks can be integrated with other
communication technologies. It covers many of the new techniques
and demonstrates the application of WSNs. The book's 14 chapters
are divided into four parts. The first part covers the basics of
wireless sensor networks and their principal working methods. The
authors then move on to discuss different types of WSNs,
characteristics of different types of emerging technologies based
on WSNs, renewable energy sources, battery replenishment
strategies, and application-specific energy challenges of WSNs. The
second part is dedicated to issues related to wireless body area
networks (WBANs). It discusses wearable WSNs and their
applications, standards, and research trends. The authors also
discuss routing schemes devised for WBANs and thermal-aware routing
protocols for WBANs. The third part focuses on different emerging
communication technologies based on WSNs, including electromagnetic
wireless nanosensor networks, WSNs in the IoT, management of WSNs
through satellite networks, WSNs in smart homes, and cognitive
radio technology in conjunction with WSNs. The last part of the
book covers topics generally related to typical WSNs, including
energy-efficient data collection in WSNs, key distribution
mechanisms in WSNs, distributed data gathering algorithms for
mobile WSNs, and finally, a novel mobility scheme for WSNs that
supports IPv6.
This book provides an overview of the latest research and
development of new technologies for cognitive radio, mobile
communications, and wireless networks. The contributors discuss the
research and requirement analysis and initial standardization work
towards 5G cellular systems and the capacity problems it presents.
They show how cognitive radio, with the capability to flexibly
adapt its parameters, has been proposed as the enabling technology
for unlicensed secondary users to dynamically access the licensed
spectrum owned by legacy primary users on a negotiated or an
opportunistic basis. They go on to show how cognitive radio is now
perceived in a much broader paradigm that will contribute to solve
the resource allocation problem that 5G requirements raise. The
chapters represent hand-selected expanded papers from EAI sponsored
and hosted conferences such as the 12th EAI International
Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems, the 11th EAI
International Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality,
Reliability, Security and Robustness, the 10th International
Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks, the 8th
International Conference on Mobile Multimedia Communications, and
the EAI International Conference on Software Defined Wireless
Networks and Cognitive Technologies for IoT.
This book provides extensive insights on blockchain systems,
starting from a historical perspective and moving towards building
foundational knowledge, with focus on communication networks. It
covers blockchain applications, algorithms, architectures, design
and implementation, and security and privacy issues, providing the
reader with a comprehensive overview. Further, it discusses
blockchain systems and its integration to communication networks.
The book includes hands-on, practical tutorials, self-assessment
exercises, and review questions; tips and sample programs are also
provided throughout. Complementary supporting material for
instructors, including open source programming code for practical
tutorials and exercises, is also available. The target audience
includes graduate students, professionals, and researchers working
in the areas of blockchain systems, distributed ledger technology,
computer networks and communications, artificial intelligence, and
cybersecurity.
This book provides extensive insights on blockchain systems,
starting from a historical perspective and moving towards building
foundational knowledge, with focus on communication networks. It
covers blockchain applications, algorithms, architectures, design
and implementation, and security and privacy issues, providing the
reader with a comprehensive overview. Further, it discusses
blockchain systems and its integration to communication networks.
The book includes hands-on, practical tutorials, self-assessment
exercises, and review questions; tips and sample programs are also
provided throughout. Complementary supporting material for
instructors, including open source programming code for practical
tutorials and exercises, is also available. The target audience
includes graduate students, professionals, and researchers working
in the areas of blockchain systems, distributed ledger technology,
computer networks and communications, artificial intelligence, and
cybersecurity.
This book provides an overview of the latest research and
development of new technologies for cognitive radio, mobile
communications, and wireless networks. The contributors discuss the
research and requirement analysis and initial standardization work
towards 5G cellular systems and the capacity problems it presents.
They show how cognitive radio, with the capability to flexibly
adapt its parameters, has been proposed as the enabling technology
for unlicensed secondary users to dynamically access the licensed
spectrum owned by legacy primary users on a negotiated or an
opportunistic basis. They go on to show how cognitive radio is now
perceived in a much broader paradigm that will contribute to solve
the resource allocation problem that 5G requirements raise. The
chapters represent hand-selected expanded papers from EAI sponsored
and hosted conferences such as the 12th EAI International
Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems, the 11th EAI
International Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality,
Reliability, Security and Robustness, the 10th International
Conference on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks, the 8th
International Conference on Mobile Multimedia Communications, and
the EAI International Conference on Software Defined Wireless
Networks and Cognitive Technologies for IoT.
Direct current machines are a quickly evolving domain whose
applications affect many aspects of modern life from computers and
printers to toys, electric vehicles, and traction applications. As
their many uses continue to grow, it has become apparent that
understanding these machines is the key to understanding our
future. Operation, Construction, and Functionality of Direct
Current Machines brings together many concepts, from the most basic
working principles and construction of DC machines to more advanced
topics such as electro-magnetism, armature reaction, parallel
operations, and many more. Highlighting theoretical concepts and
numerical problems, this book is an essential reference source for
students, educators, and anyone interested in the field of electric
machines.
Traditional Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have tremendous
applications, but their performance can be limited due to the
limited processing and communication power of wireless sensor
nodes. Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks: Applications,
Architectures, and Challenges examines how wireless sensor nodes
with cognitive radio capabilities can address these challenges and
improve the spectrum utilization. This premier reference work
presents a broader picture on the applications, architecture,
challenges, and open research directions in the area of WSN
research. It serves as a reference book for graduate students in
courses on topics such as wireless sensor networks, cognitive radio
networks, and emerging wireless technologies.
Emerging Communication Technologies Based on Wireless Sensor
Networks: Current Research and Future Applications fills a gap in
the existing literature by combining a plethora of WSN-based
emerging technologies into a single source so that researchers can
form opinions regarding these technologies. It presents different
types of emerging communication technologies based on WSNs and
describes how wireless sensor networks can be integrated with other
communication technologies. It covers many of the new techniques
and demonstrates the application of WSNs. The book's 14 chapters
are divided into four parts. The first part covers the basics of
wireless sensor networks and their principal working methods. The
authors then move on to discuss different types of WSNs,
characteristics of different types of emerging technologies based
on WSNs, renewable energy sources, battery replenishment
strategies, and application-specific energy challenges of WSNs. The
second part is dedicated to issues related to wireless body area
networks (WBANs). It discusses wearable WSNs and their
applications, standards, and research trends. The authors also
discuss routing schemes devised for WBANs and thermal-aware routing
protocols for WBANs. The third part focuses on different emerging
communication technologies based on WSNs, including electromagnetic
wireless nanosensor networks, WSNs in the IoT, management of WSNs
through satellite networks, WSNs in smart homes, and cognitive
radio technology in conjunction with WSNs. The last part of the
book covers topics generally related to typical WSNs, including
energy-efficient data collection in WSNs, key distribution
mechanisms in WSNs, distributed data gathering algorithms for
mobile WSNs, and finally, a novel mobility scheme for WSNs that
supports IPv6.
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