This book contains papers presented in the 3rd International Conference on Separation Technology 2020 (ICoST 2020) held from 15 to 16th August 2020 at Johor, Malaysia. This proceeding contains papers presented by academics and industrial practitioners showcasing the latest advancements and findings in field of separation technology. The papers are categorized under the following tracks and topics of research: Environment Engineering Biotechnology Absorption and Adsorption Technology Wastewater Treatment ICoST 2020 covers multidisciplinary perspectives on separation research and aims to promote scientific information interchange between academics, researchers, graduates and industry professionals worldwide. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration.

A new era of wireless communications combats with many challenges, including the performance issues and the demand of higher data rate. Upcoming generations of wireless communications will bear the resemblance in terms of same issues. The main goal of engineers and developers is to advance the algorithms and techniques to provide a better quality of service (QoS) and also guarantee the higher data rates.This book investigates the performance of dual-hop amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks using cooperative diversity technique with co-channel interference at the relay. It is assumed that the relays operate in a limited interference environment over Rayleigh fading channels. The performance of the relaying network in terms of bit error rate (BER) depends on the number of relays between source and destination. However, the system insures better performance by using adaptive modulation in terms of spectral efficiency. The investigation is done in terms of signal-to-interference-noise-ratio (SINR), BER, outage probability and spectral efficiency. The relays are under the influence of non-identical independent distributed interferences.

The book in hand provide valuable information on tobacco, being an important cash crop of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, providing employment opportunity for one million family, gigantic amount of revenue and foreign exchange earnings. Tobacco industry is the largest contributor to the excise duty. The increasing pressure of population and demand due to worldwide price increases make it very important to produce more tobacco and increase the per unit yield. The book can be an asset for the researchers, planner and agriculture students. It should be in each and every library around the country.

Rising population and industry will create dual burden on agriculture. First a large population will need more food and fiber, second agriculture will have a less reliable supply of irrigation water to meet these rising demands. Future water needs can be met by using available resources more efficiently, but in many cases it will be necessary to make increased use of low quality waters. Competition for water among agriculture, industry and domestic uses will increase 15 % of the available water resources by 2025 as against the present use of 3 %. Under the prevailing condition of aridity in Pakistan, the need of the hour is to search new water management strategies for enhancing water use efficiency and soil management strategies which could improve soil characteristics leading towards improved water harvesting. Soil water conservation is a crucial issue to be faced in future.